Chemical substances teratogenic

Health and Safety Factors. MSA is a strong toxic acid and is corrosive to skin. The acute oral toxicity of the sodium salt in mice LD q is 6.2 g/kg. The 1976 edition of the NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances Hsts certain reaction products of MSA as having suspected mutagenic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic activity (410). 

The carcinogenic activity of chemical substances is important as well. They are present in pesticides of different classes OCPs (DDT, aldrine, heptachlor, methoxychlor), thiocarbamates (thiram, zineb, ziram), carbamides (monuron) [3], etc. Even if the official description of a given pesticide does not denote its carcinogenic (mutagenic, teratogenic, embryotoxic, etc.) activity, this merely means that this particular pesticide was not studied sufficiently. 

In 1982 we drew attention to this problem in the article "What every chemist should know about teratogens—-chemicals that cause birth defects" (ref. 1). One year later we addressed the teratogen problem from the point of view of research chemists (ref. 2). Earlier, we have accumulated a list of over 500 teratogenic chemicals, proven or suspected, from the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (ref. 3, 4),... 

REGISTRY OF TOXIC EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES AS A SOURCE FOR COMPILING A LIST OF TERATOGENS... 

Teratogen A chemical substance that causes structural defects and affects normal development, birth defects, and abnormalities in an animal Teratogenicity The biological process where chemical substances produce permanent structural and functional abnormalities to the fetus during the period of embryonic development 3MC 3-methylcholanthrene... 

The Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH) classifies chemical substances in terms of acute oral toxicity in the rat, and other available data such as skin and/or inhalation toxicity, skin and eye irritation/corrosive effects, subacute/subchronic/chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity/mutagenicity/teratogenicity and human exposure. Substances are placed in one of 5 classes ranging from Category 1 (most hazardous) to Category 5 (least hazardous). 

The Administrator shall coordinate, with the Assistant Secretary for Health of the Department of Health and Human Services, research undertaken by the Administrator and directed toward the development of rapid, reliable, and economical screening techniques for carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and ecological effects of chemical substances and mixtures. 

CERLINE, and BIOSIS. In addition, the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, the Environmental Mutagen Information Center, and the Environmental Teratogen Information Center contain some data as well as bibliographic references. 

Harvey, R.G. In "Safe Handling of Chemical Carcinogens, Mutagens, Teratogens and Highly Toxic Substances, Volume 2" Walters, D.B., Ed. Ann Arbor Science Ann Arbor, MI, 1980, pp. 439-468. 

DeZearn MB, Oberacker DA. 1980. Detoxification of materials by microwave plasma. Safe Handling of Chemical Carcinogens, Mutagens, Teratogens, and Highly Toxic Substances 2 595-615. 

Walter CB. 1982. Safe handling of chemical carcinogens, mutagens, teratogens, and highly toxic substances. Ann Arbor, MI Aim Arbor Science. 

In the chemical safety report, the hazard assessment of a particular substance is based on the data set provided in the technical dossier. This contains substance-specific information on physicochemical properties as well as on toxicological and ecotoxicological hazards. One objective of the hazard assessment is the substance s hazard identification, which comprises the determination of its physicochemical and hazardous properties for the purpose of classification. Concerning human health hazards, both human and nonhuman information is taken into consideration and evaluated with respect to the classification criteria laid down in the Dangerous Substances Directive and in the CLP Regulation, respectively. However, in most cases human data do not exist, so the hazard identification has to be based on data from animal experiments. With respect to teratogenicity, this hazardous property may in principle be detected in the following toxicity studies ... 

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