Chemical reconstruction

Decker, K.W. 1986 Isotopic and chemical reconstruction of diet and its hiologieal and soeial dimensions at Grasshopper Puehlo, Arizona. Paper presented at the 51st Annual Meetings of the Society for American Archaeology, April 1986, New Orleans. 

The use of high-strength TCA (65-100%) for acne scarring has proven to be an exciting new application of TCA. In this technique chemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS technique) showed significant improvement. Specifically high-concentration TCA is focally apphed to depressed or ice-pick scars and pressed hard with the wooden end of a cotton tip applicator. This induces a localized scar to occur, which over time effaces the depressed scar. Typically this requires five or six courses of treatment spread out over intervals of weeks to months. 

Lee JB, Chung WG, Kwahck H, Lee KH (2002) Focal treatment of acne scars with trichloroacetic acid chemical reconstruction of skin scars method. Dermatol Surg 28 1017-1021... 

Zeyen, R.L. Thermal analysis practical applications for chemical reconstruction of rubber compounds. Kautschuk Gummi Kunststoffe 1988, 41 (10), 974-982. 

McGovern, P.E., and R.H. Michel. 1990. Royal purple dye the chemical reconstruction of the ancient Mediterranean industry. Accounts of Chemical Research 23 152-158. 

Recently, we have demonstrated that biopolymers such as DNA and peptides can be chemically reconstructed, and thereby act as template molecules for homogeneous or heterogeneous metal arrays in a programmable manner. This chapter covers our recent approaches to metal arrays on artificial DNAs and cyclic peptides. 

Chemical reconstruction of the surface layer by introducing a variety of functional groups. 

Fabbrocini G, Cacciapuoti S, FardeUa N, Pastore F, Monfrecola G (2008) Cross technique chemical reconstruction of skin scars method. Dermatol Ther 2LS29-S32... 

Yonehara H, Otake N. Biological and chemical reconstruction of blasticidin S. ArtlimiCTob... 

Chemical reconstruction of alloy and/or bimetallic surfaces will be more complex, and it is obvious that the catalysis of alloy and/or bimetallic surface can not be explained by the traditional idea of ligand effect and ensemble effect for the sites. That is, chemical reconstruction of alloy surface will occur by selective segregation or selective reaction of metal atoms. As a result, a new surface will be prepared sometimes, which is responsible to the prominent catalytic activity and/or selectivity of alloy and/or bimetallic surfaces. If this is the case, the catalysis of alloy surface is entirely different form the idiomatic idea of ligand effect" and " ensemble effect". 

The p(3xl) surface is established on Rh deposited Pt(lOO) surface at lower temperature than that appears on P. 25Rbo.75(100) alloy or Pt/Rh(100) surface because of easier chemical reconstruction. It should be pointed out that we can get a... 

Adsorption-induced reconstruction, surface metal atom, 245 Adsorption isotherms, development, 4/,5 Alcohols, role in photooxidation reaction of water on n-Ti02 electrode, 297-308 Alloy single-crystal surface, thin anodic oxide overlayers, 236-244 Alloy surfaces, chemical reconstruction, 246-247... 

In conclusion, the search for new chiral building blocks for organic and pharmaceutical chemistry does not always need to be carried out at remote sites of metabolism. Sometimes even in the very heart of aerobic metabolism gold can be mined. As shown in this last case study the building block ICA is not only of practical value because of its use in several further transformations, but also presents a capstone in the chemical reconstruction of TCA cycle. 

Chemical Reconstruction of Skin Scars (CROSS) Technique... 

Figure 10.14 CROSS with 100% TCA using syringe with fine needie for eniarged pores on the nose (A) before and (B) after four courses and two months after the last treatment. (From Whang SW, Lee KH, Lee JB, Chung KY. Chemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS) method using a syringe technique. Dermatol Surg 2007 33 1539-40. With permission from WIley-Blackwell)...

Dermatological Surgery 35 1134—1135 Kim FU, Kim TG, Kwon YS et al 2009 Comparison of a 1,550 nm erbium-glass fractional laser and a chemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS) method in the treatment of acne scars a simultaneous split-face trial. Lasers Surgical Medicine 41 545-549... 

The level of improvement can vary with regard to different diseases and individual patients. With training and experience, one will be able to select the most apjjropniate peel type(s) to address a patient s specific skin condition. For example, a patient with ice-pick acne scars can expect only mild improvement in the scars even if skin texture is remodeled. Conversely, a patient with isolated box car scars can obtain a significant improvement with focal application of TCA at 50-90% to individual scars. This technique called TCA CROSS (chemical reconstruction of skin scars) can produce more than 70% improvement of visible scars with homogeneous tightening of the skin. 

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