Perry Chemical Engineers Handbook

A wide variety of filters are available for the cell recovery. There are generally two major types of filters pressure and vacuum filters. The detailed descriptions of those filter units can be found in Chemical Engineers Handbook (Perry and Chilton, 1973). The two types of filters most used for cell recovery are the filter press and rotary drum filters. A filter press is often employed for the small-scale separation of bacteria and fungi from broths. For large-scale filtration, rotary drum filters are usually used. A common filter medium is the cloth filter made of canvas, wool, synthetic fabrics, metal, or glass fiber. 

Perry s Chemical Engineers Handbook, Perry, R. C., Green, D.W., eds., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1997. 

Perry s Chemical Engineers Handbook Perry, R. H. and Green, D. W.,... 

Knudsen, J.G. Bell, K.J. Heat Transmission. In Perry s chemical engineers handbook Perry, R.H., Green, D.W.,... 

Winn (1958) developed another way to handle this problem with a correlation for the relative volatility, which is used by Aspen Plus. Additional details about shortcut methods are available in King (1980) and Perry s Chemical Engineers Handbook (Perry and Green, 1997). 

Tables of heat capacities for a variety of pure substances can be found in the Chemical Engineers Handbook (Perry and Green 1997). The heat capacity of a number of liquids is given in Figure 1.28.

For the temperatures, tube velocity, and heat flux, the sizing above must now be checked for outside and inside film coefficients by typical heat transfer techniques, as outlined in the Chemical Engineers Handbook (Perry 1973). 

The head for the circulating pump and the slurry pumps can be calculated from information in the Chemical Engineers Handbook (Perry 1973). The mechanical design should be in accordance with the information in the american Society of Mechanical Engineers Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels, Section VIII, for the current year. There is a section devoted to the design of vessels under external pressure. 

As seen in Table 1.3 and discussed in Section 1.4, data on the flammability of organic compounds are tabulated and, for those compounds not included in the table, methods are available to estimate the data. In addition, tables of flammability data are also available for aerosols and polymers in Perry s Chemical Engineers Handbook (Perry and Green, 1997). The NFPA ratings provide a less quantitative source for many chemicals under Flammability Hazard, which is the second of the three categories (also rated from 0 to 4). 

When a multicomponent fluid mixture is nonideal, its separation by a sequence of ordinaiy distillation columns will not be technically and/or economically feasible if relative volatiK-ties between key components drop below 1.05 and, particularly, if azeotropes are formed. For such mixtures, separation is most commonly achieved by sequences comprised of ordinary distillation columns, enhanced distillation columns, and/or liquid-liquid extraction equipment. Membrane and adsorption separations can also be incorporated into separation sequences, but their use is much less common. Enhanced distillation operations include extractive distillation, homogeneous azeotropic distillation, heterogeneous azeotropic distillation, pressure-swing distillation, and reactive distillation. These operations are considered in detail in Perry s Chemical Engineers Handbook (Perry and Green, 1997) and by Seader... 

These items are covered in detail in texts on the subject such as Tribal (1980), Van Winkle (1969), Bolles (1963), Fair (1963), and Perry s Chemical Engineers Handbook (Perry and Green, 1984). Design data and procedures have also been published for specific tray column types. Sieve trays are reviewed by Chase (1967). Economopoulos (1978), and Bamicld and Davis (1989) valve trays by Bolles (1976) and slotted sieve trays by Smith and Delnicki (197S). 

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