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Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Surface Waters

The nutrient cycles may be accelerated, leading to nutrient enrichment of surface waters. This, in turn, can profoundly affect the chemical and biological characteristics of bodies of water. [Pg.45]

What are the biological, chemical and hydrogeological characteristics of catchments which determine whether the composition of surface waters falls within a range acceptable to fish ... [Pg.12]

Dissolved humic substances (DHS) are the main constituents of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool in surface waters (freshwaters and marine waters), groundwaters, and soil porewaters and commonly impart a yellowish-brown color to the water system. Despite the different origins responsible for the main structural characteristics of DHS, they all constitute refractory products of chemical and biological degradation and condensation reactions from plant or animal residues and play a crucial role in many biogeochemical processes. [Pg.151]

The biofilm formation is a usual phenomenon closely related to the type of material because of its surface characteristics, such as roughness, surface energy, biological affinity , etc. (Flemming, 1991). Water flow may influence on biofilm growth with its chemical and hydraulic characteristics. [Pg.463]

The Committee on Wetlands Characterization, Water Science and Technology Board, National Academy of Sciences, developed a reference definition for wetland that stands outside the interests of any private or public agency (Lewis, 1995). A wetland is an ecosystem that depends on constant or recurrent, shallow inundation or saturation at or near the surface of the substrate. The minimum essential characteristics of a wetland are recurrent, sustained inundation or saturation at or near the surface and the presence of physical, chemical, and biological features reflective of recurrent, sustained inundation or saturation. Common diagnostic features of wetlands are hydric soils and hydrophytic vegetation. These features will be present except where specific physicochemical, biotic, or anthropogenic factors have removed them or prevented their development. ... [Pg.30]

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