Channels terminology

An interesting and practically valuable result was obtained in [21] for PE + N2 melts, and in [43] for PS + N2 melts. The authors classified upper critical volumetric flow rate and pressure with reference to channel dimensions x Pfrerim y Qf"im-Depending on volume gas content

channel entrance (pressure of 1 stm., experimental temperature), x and y fall, in accordance with Eq. (24), to tp 0.85. At cp 0.80, in a very narrow interval of gas concentrations, x and y fall by several orders. The area of bubble flow is removed entirely. It appears that at this concentration of free gas, a phase reversal takes place as the polymer melt ceases to be a continuous phase (fails to form a continuous cluster , in flow theory terminology). The theoretical value of the critical concentration at which the continuous cluster is formed equals 16 vol. % (cf., for instance, Table 9.1 in [79] and [80]). An important practical conclusion ensues it is impossible to obtain extrudate with over 80 % of cells without special techniques. In other words, technology should be based on a volume con-... 

The corrections and calibration of filterFRET differ significantly for CCD microscopes and confocal microscopes. This is because in confocal experiments, channel sensitivities are adjusted at will by the experimenter, and because relative excitation intensities show intended-as well as unintended variations (adjustments and drift, respectively). Confocal filterFRET therefore requires frequent, if not in-line, recalibration however, if properly streamlined this should not take more than 15 min a day. It also slightly complicates the mathematical framework, as compared to CCD imaging filterFRET. We aimed to arrive at a comprehensive theory that is equally applicable to both imaging modes. We also proposed mathematical jargon that is a compromise between the widely differing terminologies used in the various publications on this topic. 

STEREOCHEMICAL TERMINOLOGY, lUPAC RECOMMENDATIONS CHALCONE ISOM ERASE CHALCONE SYNTHASE CHANGE IN MECHANISM CHANNEL ACCESS Channeling,... 

The DSP-16 can either be a master (called active in DSP-16 terminology) or a slave ( passive ). All the DSP-16s except the final mix DSP are in passive mode. They are fed clocks from the final mix DSP. This guarantees that all DSPs are on the same output clock. The final mix DSP also provides the left/right clock so that the channels are synchronized as well. The serial data output of the DSP-16 is fed to the serial data input of the next DSP-16 in line. All of the serial I/O is done via flat ribbon cables on the end of the cards. 

Before beginning a discussion of the role of image devices in SMA, it would be helpful at this point to define some terminology used to describe various characteristics of these devices (1) Each individual sensing element of an image detector is known as a pixel. (2) Cross-talk between channels caused by charge... 

Terminology with channels varies First, one could speak of a channel guaranteeing authenticity , because the messages are authentic, not the channel. Secondly, secure channel is more common, but it is sometimes used as private channel was used above. Similarly, private can be used for confidentiality alone, and so can secret . 

The first engineering LES was Deardorff s [27] simulation of plane channel flow. Deardorff used Reynolds (spatial) averaging, applied to a unit cell of the finite difference mesh, to define the larger (or resolved) scales, and introduced the terminology filtered variables. Although only 6720 grid points were used, the comparison with literature laboratory experiments was sufficient favorable for the feasibility of the method to have been established. 

In cases where the yield of molecular ions is higher than 10% and where the fragmentation pattern depends upon the atomic site of the core hole, the dissociation processes clearly depend upon the electronic structure of the molecule and the details of the electronic relaxation, i.e. not all pathways produce essentially the same result. The mechanism then may involve vibrational dissociation or electronic or vibrational predissociation as well as direct dissociation. Even in these cases, some of the electronic relaxation channels may rupture all the bonds in a molecule and high-kinetic-energy fragments can be produced. Such channels sometimes are labeled a Coulomb explosion, but this terminology should not be confused with the more specific use of the term that is proposed above. 

The pack may breathe —not a truly scientific form of terminology but a means of indicating that loss or gain will be increased or reduced by external influences such as changes in temperature and pressure (i.e. where capillary channels may exist in creased heat or cold seals—see (6) below). 

It should be noted that in the literature the term single-file diffusion has sometimes been used to indicate only the mutual steric hindrance of the molecules in zeolite channels and not the additional constraint of an absolute exclusion of their mutual passage. Such terminology is clearly misleading since in this case molecular propagation would also be subjected to Pick s laws. 

While perhaps overly schematic, this approach proved useful for two reasons first, because it provided terminology in which one can discuss the specific structural features of ionic channels, and second, because it allowed certain qualitative predictions to be made. Thus according to the scheme it is altogether clear that there must exist an electric transmembrane current due to displacement of the charged intramembrane particles in response to a field variation. This current has received the name of gating current, the origin of which is obvious in the model in question. 

In small channels, a number of flow patterns can be observed, and the same terminology and classifications as in large channels are commonly used. Because of the dominance of the surface tension forces, stratified flow is rarely observed in small channels. In general, bubble flow appears at low gas flow rates. As the gas flow rate increases, Taylor bubbles form. With further increase in the gas flow rate, annular flow appears with the liquid forming an annulus which wets the wall. At high gas and liquid flow rates, chum flow occurs where there is a liquid film at the wall and the gas flow in the center is interrupted by the firequent appearance of frothy bubbles and slugs. 

Comment is required on the proliferative terminology for the geometry. The terms canal , channel , tube and tunnel have been used by various authors to describe host cavities extended in one dimension without restriction on cross-actional shape. We prefer the terms proposed by Weber and Josel namely helical tubuland ... 

Highly permeable walls wdth nonzero net mass transfer between channels and unsymmetrical conditions [17] (rigorously, Cybulski and Moulijn [18] do not classify this reactor as a monolith, but certain references use this terminology)... 

The depth over the ebb shoal is of interest for navigation channel design and as a basic bulk parameter characterizing ebb shoals. Floyd examined the maximum depth of the channel he at the entrances to tidal rivers and the maximum depth of the ebb shoal hs (which is referred to as the saddle of the entrance bar). The terminology saddle denotes the lowest point on the ebb shoal or entrance bar. Floyd compiled data from several rivers each in Australia, the USA, and New Zealand, and two river entrances from other countries, and found the following simple relation, with depth referenced to mean tide level (approximately the same as msl) ... 

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