Channel coordination

Weight fraction of volatile component when bubbles are initially formed Cross-channel coordinate Generalized spatial coordinate Degree of polymerization... 

In the case that n is large, the corresponding classical motion of the channel coordinate q is well approximated by a periodic motion e sin 0 (0 oof) thus the Hamiltonian may be approximated as follows ... 

For the triplet channel, coordination of NH3 to Pt of RhPtCH2 K releases an energy of 57 kcal moP, forming the complex 54. Followed by this step, the consecutive hydrogen transfers take place. The first C-H bond cleavage needs to overcome a barrier of 27.4 kcal moP to form an intermediate 55, and then... 

The hamiltonian for the collision can be written in terms of either the entrance or exit channel coordinates... 

Gan, X., Sethi, S., Yan, H. (2005). Channel coordination with a risk-neutral supplier and a downside-risk-averse retailer. Production and Operations Management, 14, 80-89. 

Issues about coordination of business activities have been studied extensively in recent years. In a typical distribution channel, coordination can be characterized as Vertical or Horizontal. Vertical coordination focuses on the issues of why and how the different channel members (for example, supplier and retailer) should consolidate their operations to achieve better system performance. It is also known as Supply Chain Coordination. For a thorough review of vertical channel coordination, please refer to Cachon [27] and several chapters in Tayur et al. [147]. 

The typical analytical approach is to study the source of inefficiency (often related to double marginalization), and various mechanisms for achieving channel coordination and/or Pareto improvement. Mechanisms so studied recently include resale price maintenance, full-line forcing, quantity discounts, manufacturer returns, quantity flexibility, sales rebates, revenue sharing, price protection, and markdown allowances. New studies continue to be produced at a prodigious rate by generalizing the basic framework, perhaps by adding retailer decision variables (e.g., some form of effort, in addition to retail price... 

Given these assumptions, the analysis proceeds to solve (by reverse induction) for all equilibrium decisions and profit levels under each different distribution strategy, and characterize various sensitivities. Some studies also evaluate mechanisms for channel coordination and/or Pareto improvement. Unless highlighted, the reader should assume that this general framework applies. 

Ingene, C.A. and M.E. Parry, Channel Coordination When Retailers Compete, Marketing Science, 14,4 (1995(b)), 360-377. 

Lai, R., Improving Channel Coordination Through Franchising, Marketing Science, 9,4 (1990), 299-318. 

The rest of the chapter is organized as follows. In the next section, we provide a survey of the relevant literature. Section 3 outlines the notation and modeling assumptions. In Section 4, all three models are presented and in Section 5, we show that none of the channel coordination mechanisms described in the literature can achieve a first-best solution. Optimal coordinating contracts are also proposed in this section. Section 6 contains numerical experiments, and in Section 7 we wrapup the chapter with a discussion of managerial insights and conclusions. 

Chu, W. and P. S. Desai. 1995. Channel coordination mechanisms for customer satisfaction. Marketing Science, Vol.14, 343-359. 

Keywords Channel coordination pricing retail channel Internet channel supply chain... 

For a manufacturer that has forward integrated to provide direct product sales (models 3 and 4 of Figure 15.1), the opportunity exists to coordinate distribution and fulfillment. Research taking a traditional approach to channel coordination (which seeks to eliminate double marginalization) is thoroughly reviewed in Lariviere (1999) and Tsay, et al. (1999). In this chapter, we focus attention on research that assumes the existence of both a traditional channel and an internet channel, and exploits the differences between the two channels to manage the supply chain more effectively. 

This section uses a more narrow definition of channel coordination than the rest of the chapter. Here channel coordination refers to efforts to eliminate double marginalization. 

Down-channel coordinate (m) Length of the extruder channel (m)... 

This pressure gradient can now be inserted into Eq. 7.81 to yield an expression for the optimum barrel helix angle. It should be remembered that the relationship between the down-channel coordinate and the down-groove coordinate is ... 

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