Centrifugal Drawing

Nowadays, processes employ either tensile or centrifugal drawing (Table 10.3), gas friction being combined with centrifiigal drawing. 

Tensile drawing Centrifugal drawing (or spraying) Optical fibre (using a preform), fibres for reinforcement Fibrous glass for thermal insulation, acoustical insulation, air filtration... 

Fig. 5. Separation in Latham bowl (a) whole blood is pumped down the feed tube and enters bowl at bottom (b) centrifugal force spins denser cellular components outside, leaving plasma or platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in inner band (c) when bowl is full, plasma flows out effluent tube, followed by platelets and then leukocytes, until bowl is almost completely full of ted cells (d) after draw is completed, bowl stops spinning and uncoUected components are...

Applications include electric motor drives for conveyors and other material handling equipment such as stacker reclaimers, crushers, haulages, ball mills, cranes, hammer mills, rotary dryers, centrifuges, reciprocating pumps, winches, fans and wire drawing machines. 

Centrifugal pumps also rec]uire that the fluid be available to the pump s suction nozzle with sufficient energy. Centrifugal pumps cannot suck or draw the liquid into the pump housing. The principal pumping unit of a centrifugal pump is the volute and impeller. (See Figure 1-3). 

All baghouse designs use some form of fan, blower, or centrifugal compressor to provide the dirty-air flow required for proper operation. In most cases, these units are installed on the clean-side of the baghouse to draw the dirty air through the filter media. 

The centrifugal force will draw the gas into the system, which ensures that sufficient turbulence is created. For this, a power input greater than 100 W/m3 is required from the agitator.6 Alternatively, a tip speed (irND) greater than 1.5 m/s or a Froude number (A D/g) greater than 0.1 are often used, where N is the agitator speed in Hz, and g is gravitational acceleration in m/s2. 

FIG. 2 Schematic drawing of the centrifugal liquid membrane (CLM) cell. 

For plasma and blood experiments, LC effluent was directed to waste for the first 1 min. Conventional blood analysis by drawing 1 mL samples from the saphenous catheter was used to validate SPME results. These samples were subjected to PPT with acetonitrile and the supernatant from centrifugation was analyzed. The SPME probes were also evaluated for pharmacokinetic analysis of diazepam and its metabolites, oxazepam and nordiazepam. Good correlation was obtained for conventional blood drawn from saphenous and cephalic sites of the animals, as shown in Figure 1.48. Although the analytical parameters for the automated study need improvement, the authors cite the study as a first demonstration of SPME technology for in vivo analysis. 

An air inlet area of at least 400 cm2 and a louvered exit of 75 cm2 are recommended for target capacity and physical size of the appliance. The efficient and quiet centrifugal fan unit is popularly used in air conditioners and air purifiers. It costs less than the other fan units of similar size and is easy to install and assemble. A fan with adjustable air deliver rate of 0 to 250 cfm will be used to draw air through the air filter, dehumidifier and purifier units. A smaller fan with air delivery rate of up to 10 cfm is needed for the regeneration... 

Fig. 12.13 Schematic drawing for the hot test of the DIAMEX process in a 16-stage centrifugal extractor battery. (From Ref. 53.)...

A custom robotic system was developed to meet the design objectives. The peripherals accomplish four major LUOs reagent dehvery, sample grinding, centrifugation and sample pipetting. A schematic drawing of the system layout is shown in Fig. 6.7. 

Lack of available NPSH may also be caused by high frictional loss in the suction piping. If this is the case, a small reduction in flow will not noticeably increase the pressure at the suction of the pump. A properly designed suction line to a centrifugal pump should have a frictional head loss of only a few feet of liquid. However, having a large-diameter suction line, and a relatively small draw-off nozzle, usually will lead to excessive loss of available NPSH. 

Sump pumps can draw water up from levels as much as 30 ft below the pump s suction. But do such pumps require NPSH Absolutely All centrifugal pumps have some NPSH requirements. What, then, is the available NPSH to the sump pump shown in Fig. 25.8 ... 

The Biazzi acid separator is a stainless-steel vessel of the shape shown in the Fig. The emulsified mixt of nitrated product and spent acid enters tangentially thru the side at about midway its height and imparts a slight centrifugal action to the upper layer of liquid in the separator. This action helps to break the emulsion and to prevent local overheating. The spent acid flows continuously from the bottom of separator thru a draw -off, controlled by an adjustable collar, which can be raised or lowered by means of a micro screw attachment. After leaving the first separator, the acid is passed thru an after-separator, from which some of the nitrated product is recovered. 

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