Central Procurement

Although many health systems are decentralizing, some aspects of the health system are often handled more efficiently at a central level. Approval for a list of essential pharmaceutical products and registration or licensing of pharmaceutical products are normally the responsibility of the competent authority at the national level. Centralized procurement of pharmaceutical products increases the quantity obtained under each purchase contract and usually reduces the cost of the products. Programme officials should therefore consider consolidating quality assurance procedures at the national level and pooling demands for pharmaceutical products under a common contract. 

DOE O 450.1, sec. 5.d.(5), CRD sec. 5 EO 13148, sec. 701(b) 4.5.4 Contractors shall consider the feasibility of centralized procurement and distribution programs for purchasing, tracking, distributing, and managing materials with toxic or hazardous content, and implement where appropriate. 

Milliken Textiles reduced its time-to-market from 36 months to 6 months by aggressive supplier partnerships and management. First Chicago National Bank instituted a centralized procurement function headed by a senior vice president that achieved some notable success in the first few years, including ... 

BankBoston established a centralized procurement function in 1993 with the mission to save money reduce business risk and make management s lives easier. By 1997, the centralized group had ... 

Centralized procurement of vaccines and contract management of procurement... 

SQS and the buyers are part of a central Procurement Supply (P S) organization. The SQS monitors product quality and assures that suppliers have sufficient capacity to meet assembly line demands. The buyer looks after the commercial" aspects of the supplier/DaimlerChrysler relationship. The design engineers and assembly plant engineers represent the platform organizations. 

BankBoston established a centralized procurement function in 1993 with the mission "to save money reduce business risk and make management s lives easier." By 1997, the centralized group had (1) reduced invoices by 11% while the business itself actually doubled, (2) reduced overall cost of purchasing by 13% (3) increased its spending influence and management to 400 million annually, and (4) achieved savings of 80 million annually. 

The second tier, the public sector health care system, serves the remaining 85% of the population. It is under-resourced, with chronic staff shortages, a quadruple burden of disease and systemic lack of funding. Public sector supplies are obtained through tenders administered by the Central Procurement Unit of the Department of Health. It is supplied with 2,400 product lines by an estimated 90 manufacturers and importers, at an estimated value of 1 billion a year in 2014. ... 

Tykot, R. H. (1996), Obsidian procurement and distribution in the central and western Mediterranean, /. Mediterranean Archaeol. 9(1), 39-82. 

Work continued in 1960-1963 in the Ohio Range (formerly called the Central Range of the Horlick Mountains) to procure coal for accurate analysis. Samples of outcrop coal and one excellent sample of coal from an adit opened in one bed were collected. Coal samples were taken in 1959 by John J. Mulligan (31) at Mount Gran in the vicinity of Frank Debenham and McKenzie Taylor s old Mount Suess locality. The following season Mulligan (32) sampled coal farther inland in the Willett Range. Brown and Taylor (6) published an analytic report on coal from the Theron Mountains in 1961. 

Prior to the current analyses we had predicted that most of the remaining 38 prehistoric Delta Olivella beads would be made from shells procured in northern California. This was based purely on an economic model that minimizes transport distance. In other words, the closest source (by foot) of Olivella shell to Owens Valley is southern California, while the closest source of Olivella in the Delta region is the coast immediately north and south of San Francisco Bay. Moreover, saddle (F2/F3) and sequin (M1/M2) beads are found exclusively in central and northern California (12, 13), again implying a more northern source. On the other hand Hlb and G2 beads are found all over California. Results of the carbon and oxygen isotopic analyses are presented in Table II. 

California consumption, or made by central/northem California bead makers who traded for or directly procured unmodified whole Olivella shells from southern California. 

Hughes, R. E. Diachronic Variability in Obsidian Procurement in Northeastern California and South Central Oregon University of California Press Berkeley 1986. 

PANELIST CLARK I think I can give you a little more background. Sometime ago, about three years ago, when ERDA first started, I proposed that we sponsor a large PON, which is a procurement technique, to build a central medium-Btu plant to serve some industrial complex and see if we can split the cost with some industrial partner and get it into the system. And I was told that is so close to commercial realization that DOE shouldn t waste its money on it, that DOE should work on things which require more government help than this system. Well, it s hard to argue with something that you really believe in, so the idea was never allowed to go forward. 

Procurement takes into consideration long-term contracts to achieve economies of scale and reduce work in prequalification. This approach applies to both centralized and decentralized systems. 

Tykot, Robert H. 1996. Obsidian procurement and distribution in the Central and Western Mediterranean. Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology 9(1) 39-82. 

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