Cell-mediated immunity against Listeria

CVE has been shown to be a potent host-mediated immuno-modulator by augmenting the production of a cytokine/cell growth factor, such as GM-CSF, and/or the responsiveness of the progenitor to CSF [17]. In conclusion, oral administration of CVE augments the resistance against listerial infection via the early development of cell-mediated immunity to Listeria. 

Oral administration of hot water extracts of Chlorella vulgaris strain CK (CVE) augments the resistance against Listeria infection via development of cell-mediated immunity to Listeria. An increase in the number of y8 T cells at the early stage and that in the number of a(3 T cell, especially CD4+ T cells, at the late stage after infection was evident in CVE-administered mice. Early appearing y8 T cells may be important for the induction of subsequent cell-mediated immunity. 

We have recently reported that y8T cells precede ap T cells in appearance in the peritoneal cavity during Listeria infection and play an important role in protection at the early stage after listerial infection [14-16]. We found that CVE augmented the host defense against Listeria infection by augmenting cell-mediated immunity at the early stage after infection. 

We have shown that oral administration with hot water extracts (CVE) significantly augmented the host defense against infection with Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) [10]. L. monocytogenes is one of an intracellular bacteria, as well as Mycobacterium tuberculosis [11-12]. The protective mechanism against Listeria infection depends mainly on the immune response mediated by ap T cells [13]. 

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