Cationic materials, textile processing

Quaternary ammonium compounds are the next largest group of non-durable antistats. The most widely used are ditallowdimethylammonium chloride and dihydrogenated tallowdimethylammonium chloride (Fig. 10.2). These are common ingredients in laundry and dryer applied consumer softeners. Like many other cationic materials, cationic antistats have an affinity for textile fibres and can be applied by exhaustion processes. 

TEX-WET 1001 is widely used in textile wet processing where alkalies are not encountered. Its use in intermediate processing provides fabric which can be run at high speeds through a sub-squent process, such as Sanforizing, finishing, etc. Due to its anionic nature, TEX-WET 1001 should not be used in conjunction with cationic materials. 

The traditional use of dyes is in the coloration of textiles, a topic covered in considerable depth in Chapters 7 and 8. Dyes are almost invariably applied to the textile materials from an aqueous medium, so that they are generally required to dissolve in water. Frequently, as is the case for example with acid dyes, direct dyes, cationic dyes and reactive dyes, they dissolve completely and very readily in water. This is not true, however, of every application class of textile dye. Disperse dyes for polyester fibres, for example, are only sparingly soluble in water and are applied as a fine aqueous dispersion. Vat dyes, an important application class of dyes for cellulosic fibres, are completely insoluble materials but they are converted by a chemical reduction process into a water-soluble form that may then be applied to the fibre. There is also a wide range of non-textile applications of dyes, many of which have emerged in recent years as a result of developments in the electronic and reprographic... 

Properties M.w. 213.41 cationic Toxicology TSCA listed Uses Emulsifier surfactant chemical intermediate raw material for surfactants germicide corrosion inhibitor in process plant streams acid scavenger in petrol prods. epoxy hardener curing catalyst vise, index improver for lubricants flotation collector for sulfide ores inhibitor for butadiene polymerization processing aid for metal and textiles... 

A fabric can be dyed as a result of an affinity of the dyes for the fabric (adhesive powers equal physical linkage) or via genuine chemical linkage of the dye with the liber (with reactive, acid, and cationic dyes). These mechanisms produce a very high colorfastness. In the case of dispersion dyes, a solution process takes place in which the dye molecules are dissolved in the textile fibrous material. 

Uses Intermediate for manufacturing cationic surfactants quaternary for biocides flotation agent gasoline detergent corrosion inhibitor rubber processing additive emulsifier for herbicides textile softener oilfeld drilling materials... 

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