Ditallowdimethylammonium chloride

Quaternary ammonium compounds are the next largest group of non-durable antistats. The most widely used are ditallowdimethylammonium chloride and dihydrogenated tallowdimethylammonium chloride (Fig. 10.2). These are common ingredients in laundry and dryer applied consumer softeners. Like many other cationic materials, cationic antistats have an affinity for textile fibres and can be applied by exhaustion processes. 

Thus, LAS and secondary alkane sulfonates (SAS) are extracted from sewage sludges in the form of tetrabutylammonium ion pairs [47]. Lee and Peart extracted NP from sewage sludge spiked with acetic anhydride and a base with supercritical CO2. In this way NP is, in situ, converted into its acetyl derivative [48]. Ditallowdimethylammonium chloride (DTDMAC) is quantitatively extracted from digested sludges and marine sediments using supercritical CO2 modified with 30% methanol [49]. 

Chem. Descrip. Ditallowdimethylammonium chloride, filtered ionic Nature Cationic... 

Meijer, J. A., Primary and secondary amines in ditallowdimethylammonium chloride (in German), Temide Surfactants, Deterg., 911,14,198-199. 

Gort, S. M., E. A. Hogendoom, R. A. Baumann, P. van Zoonen, Ditallowdimethylammonium chloride at the low ppb level in surfaee water using SPE and normal-pha.se LC with on-line post-column ion-pair extraction and fluorescence detection, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 1993,55,289-296. 

Continuous flow FAB has been demonstrated for HPLC detection of the components of ditallowdimethylammonium chloride fabric softener. In this technique, the matrix substance is added to the HPLC colunrn effluent prior to introduction to the MS. MS-MS was demonstrated for confirmation of identity. While continuous flow FAB is typically performed with aqueous HPLC systems, the solubility of dialkyl quats is such that normal phase HPLC with nonpolar solvents is preferred. Lawrence was able to adapt a FAB system to this analysis, using a matrix solution of 75 25 glycerol/methanol (118). The use of FAB for analysis of surfactants has dropped off sharply with the availability of electrospray and thermospray interfaces for HPLC-MS. 

Ditallowdimethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride, hexade-cylpyridininium chloride, stearyldimethylbenzyl-ammonium chloride... 

In Europe, ditaUowdimethylammonium chloride lost its preeminence in 1991 due to biodegradibility concern. Significant quantities of quaternary imidazoline derivatives are used as fabric softeners, especially in Europe. Ester quats are also widely used these are ditallowdimethylammonium or imidazolium compounds which contain ester linkages to shorten their lifetime in the environment. Both these and the conventional imidazolium compounds can usually be determined by the same methods used for alkyl quaternaries. However, care must be taken to avoid analytical conditions such as extremes of pH that hydrolyze ester groups. 

Although anionics and nonionics may be used in industrial applications, all products destined for domestic applications have a cationic surfactant as the active agent. Fabric softeners are sold as dispersions, to be added to the rinse water, or in dry form carried on nonwoven sheets, for use in the dryer. The most common active agent for both applications is a quaternary amine salt with high alkyl character and low water solubility, such as the chloride or methyl sulfate salt of ditallowdimethylammonium ion. 

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