Catalytic upgrading

Catalytic upgrading of bio-oil was carried out over Ga modified ZSM-5 for the pyrolysis of sawdust in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. Effect of gas velocity (Uo/U ,f) on the yield of pyrolysis products was investigated. The maximum yield of oil products was found to be about 60% at the Uo/Umf of 4.0. The yield of gas was increased as catalyst added. HZSM-5 shows the larger gas yield than Ga/HZSM-5. When bio-oil was upgraded with HZSM-5 or Ga/HZSM-5, the amount of aromatics in product increased. Product yields over Ga/HZSM-5 shows higher amount of aromatic components such as benzene, toluene, xylene (BTX) than HZSM-5. 

The sawdust used in this work was a radiata pine. HZSM-5 and HY pellet was purchased from Zeobuilder, Ga was impregnated over zeolites by excess water evaporation. The catalytic upgrading... 

The second section of this volume describes several potentially new liquefaction processes which may have higher efficiencies than today s developing technologies. The theme of the Storch Award Symposium, featured throughout these six chapters, was new process potentials through the use of short-contact-time thermal processes followed by catalytic upgrading. 

Catalytic upgrading of short contact time products allows catalysts to be used in more optimal conditions selectivities are improved and aging rates decreased. 

Although the comparisons are by no means exact, a process based on short-contact time dissolution and catalytic upgrading would appear to have potential for significantly higher yields of high quality liquids from coal. 

Catalytic upgrading of the hydrogen-rich syngas (tar and hydrocarbon conversion, possibly in combination with filtration, also water gas shift catalyst use and... 

Vitelo, S., Seggiana, M., Frediani, P., Ambrosini, G., Poloti, L., Catalytic upgrading of pyrolytic oils over different zeolites, Fuel, 1999, 78, 1147. 

This chapter, after an introduction on the production methods for bioethanol and its use as biofuel, discusses the catalytic upgrading and valorization of bioethanol. 

Catalytic Alteration Catalytic Upgrade Gas oil, coke, Gasoline,... 

VIII. Catalytic Upgrading of Crude Coal Liquids in the Secondary Stage... 

Many industrial organic acids can be produced by fermentation, such as acetic, citric, and lactic acids. Succinic acid is a dicarboxylic acid of potential industrial interest as a platform chemical (1-3). Separation and purification of succinic acid by adsorption was tested to replace current precipitation methods and their associated waste disposal problems. Succinic acid is a valuable intermediate value chemical with a moderate market. For succinic acid to have an economic and energy impact, it will need to become a commodity chemical intermediate with a much lower price. This target price hasbeen estimated to be between 0.22 and 0.30 / lb ( 0.48- 0.66/kg) and is potentially achievable with advanced technology (1). At this price, succinic acid can be catalytically upgraded into other higher valued chemicals suchastetrahydrofuran, 1,4-butanediol, y-butyrolactone, 2-pyrrolidinone, and N-methylpyrrolidinone. 

About a year ago, you mentioned some hydrotreating of this full range of heavy distillate in doing some catalytic upgrading, and you mentioned that there were some plugging problems that developed in small bench-scale work, I believe, in from one to five days. At that time, you were looking for the possible source of that trouble. I haven t seen reports since then. I wondered if you have turned up an answer as to what caused that plugging or a solution that you could talk about. 

The quality of bio-oil can be improved by applying physical or chemical (in particular, catalytic) methods. In this section, we focus on the catalytic upgrading of bio-oil. 

Aho A, Kumar N, Lashkul AV, et al. Catalytic upgrading of woody biomass derived pyrolysis vapours over iron modified zeolites in a dual-fluidized bed reactor. Fuel. 2010 89 1992-2000. 

Vitolo S, Seggiani M, Frediani P, Ambrosini G, Politi L. Catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis oils to fuel over different zeolites. Fuel. 1999 78 1147-59. 

Dautzenberg, F.M. George, S.E. Ouwerkerk, C. and Sie, S.T. Advances in the Catalytic Upgrading of Heavy Oils and Residues, presented at the Advances in Catalytic Chemistry Symposium Salt Lake City, Utah, May,... 

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