Cashewnut shell liquid

Indian Standard Specification for Cashewnut Shell Liquid, IS 840(1964). 

Cashewnut Shell Liquid Patents U.S. Vol. 1 and UK, Indian and Japan, Vol. 2, Cashew Export, June, Cashew Export Promotion Vcouncil, Ernakulam (1964). 

Cashewnut Shell Liquid-Extraction and Uses—A Survey of World Patents upto 1976, Cashew Export Promotion Council, Ernakulam (1978). 

Yamazaki, N., T. Otomo, and K. Kawai. Antitumor glycoprotein extraction from rice bran. Patent-Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho-61 143,323. 1986 9 pp. Sharma, R. D. and C. Rukmini. Hypocholesterolemic activity of unsa-ponifiable matter or rice bran oil. Indian J Med Res. 1987 3 278-281. Polasa, K., and C. Rukmini. Mutagenicity tests of cashewnut shell liquid, rice-bran oil and other vegetable oils using the Salmonella typhimurium/mC crosome system. Food Chem Toxicol 1987 25(10) 763-766. 

Cashewnut Shell Liquid (CNSL) is an agricultural product, which as such, qualifies its inclusion in the category of renewable resource. Major components of CNSL have been characterized by various researchers using different techniques such as ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. 

Figure 4. Structure of four major components of cashewnut shell liquid (CNSL).

H. P. Bhunia, G. B. Nando, T. K. Chaki, A. Basak, S. Lenka and P. L. Nayak, Synthesis and characterization of polymers from cashewnut shell liquid (CNSL), a renewable resource 11. Synthesis of polyurethanes , Eur Polym J, 1999, 35, 1381-91. 

Bhunia, H.P. Basakb, A. Chakia, T.K. Nandoa, G.B. (2000). Synthesis and characterization of polymers from cashewnut shell liquid a renewable resource V. Synthesis of copolyester. European Polymer Journal, Vol. 36, No. 6, (June 2000), pp. 1157-1165, ISSN 00143057... 

Bhunia, H.P., Nando, G.B., Chaki, T.K., Basak, A., Lenka, S., and Nayak. P.L. (1999) Synthesis and Characterization of Polyners from Cashewnut Shell Liquid (CNSL), a Renewable Resource II. Synthesis of Polyurethanes, Eur. Polym. J., 35, 1381-1391. 

Pillai, C.K.S. (2000) Polymeric Materials from Renewable Resources High Value Polymers from Cashewnut Shell Liquid, Pop. Plast. Packag., (Spec.issue), 79-84, 86-90. 

Other polymeric materials from agricultural resource have recently received strong attention such as cashew nut shell liquid, a byproduct of the cashew industry, which constitutes a source of unsaturated hydrocarbon phenols. It is available as a reddish brown viscous fluid in the soft honeycomb structure of the shell of the cashewnut, a plantation product obtained from the cashew tree, Anacardium oxidentale [270]. Since... 

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