Carotenoid gene clusters

Prado, M. M., A. Prado-Cabrero et al. (2004). A gene of the opsin family in the carotenoid gene cluster of Fusarium fujikuroi. Curr. Genet. 46(1) 47-58. 

J1074 lead to the carotenoid gene cluster activation. Appl. Microbiol Biotechnol, 98 (2), 795-806. 

BS Hundle, P Beyer, H Kleinig, G Englert, JE Hearst. Carotenoids of Erwinia herbicola and an Escherchia coli HBlOl strain carrying the Erwinia herbicola carotenoid gene cluster. Photochem Photobiol 54 89-93, 1991. 

The majority of industrial research describes classical approaches to yield improvement (49). However, there has been some work using genetically modified organisms. In the case of these recombinant organisms, the carotenoid biosynthetic gene cluster has been expressed in noncarotegenic species such as E. coli (50) and S. cerevisiae (51). 

Unicelluar algal and bacterial genes were the first to be isolated and characterized and led to the isolation of most of the higher plant genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis. Carotenogenic gene clusters from bacteria and algae" - - - contributed immensely to the elucidation of the carotenoid pathway. 

Tao, L. et al., A carotenoid synthesis gene cluster from Algoriphagus sp. KK10202C with a novel fusion-type lycopene beta-cyclase gene. Mol. Genet. Genomics 379, 101, 2006. 

Sandmann, G., Carotenoid analysis in mutants from Escherichia coli transformed with carotenogenic gene cluster and Scenedesmus obliquus mutant C-6D, Meth. Enzymol. 214, 341, 1993. 

Armstrong GA, Alberti M, Leach F and Hearst JE (1989) Nucleotide sequence, organization, and nature of the protein products of the carotenoid biosynthesis gene cluster of Rhodobacter capsulatm. Mol Gen Genet 216 254-268... 

Some eubacteria and archaea do not possess carotenogenesis gene clusters. The genes for early steps can be found from homologous searches. Some genes and enzymes are found by molecular biological techniques (Table 106.3), but some genes for the final steps of complex carotenoids remain unknown. 

Giraud E, Hannibal L, Fardoux J, Jaubert M, Jourand P, Dreyfus B, Sturgis JN, Vermeglio A (2004) Two distinct crt gene clusters for two diffraent functional classes of carotenoid in Bradyrhizobium. J Biol Chem 279 15076-15083... 

Krubastk P, Sandmann G (2000) A carotenogenic gene cluster from Brevibacterium linens with novel lycopene cyclase genes involved in the synthesis of aromatic carotenoids. Mol... 

Viveiros M, Krubasik P, Sandmann G, Houssaini-Iraqui M (2000) Stmctural and functional analysis of the gene cluster encoding carotenoid biosynthesis in Mycobacterium aurum FEMS Microbiol Lett 187 95-101... 

Nishida Y, Adachi K, Kasai H, Shizuri Y, Shindo K, Sawabe A, Komemushi S, Miki W, Misawa N (2005) Elucidation of a carotenoid biosynthesis gene cluster encoding a novel enzyme, 2,2 -P-hydroxylase, from Brevundimonas sp. strain SD212 and combinatorial biosynthesis of new or rare xanthophylls. Appl Environ Microbiol 71 4286-4296... 

Misawa N, Satomi Y, Kondo K, Yokoyama A, Kajiwara S, Saito T, Ohtani T, Miki W (1995) Structure and functional analysis of a marine bacterial carotenoid biosynthesis gene cluster and astaxanthin biosynthetic pathway proposed at the gene level. J Bacteriol 177 6575-6584 Pasamontes L, Hug D, Tessier M, Hohmann HP, Schierle J, van Loon APGM (1997) Isolation and characterization of the carotenoid bios5Tithesis genes of Flavobacterium sp. strain R1534. Gene 185 35 1... 

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