Erwinia herbicola

L-tyrosine phenol + pyruvic acid + NH P-tyrosinase Erwinia herbicola ... 

The formation of P-carotene in rice endosperm, where carotenoids are normally absent, was achieved by the simultaneous transfer of three genes Psy from daffodil, crti from Erwinia herbicola and crtL-B from daffodil (Ye et al,... 

The first reports of genetic manipulation of a crop plant were using the carrot. The introduction of crt genes from Erwinia herbicola by a group from Amoco (Ausich etal, 1991 Hauptmann etal.,1991) resulted in elevated levels of P-carotene. 

Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanind (l-DOPA) 17 l-DOPA Treatment of Parkinsonism Lyase Erwinia herbicola Single-stage fermentation [11]... 

The bacterium Erwinia herbicola naturally has the ability to oxidize glucose to 2,5-bisoxo-D-gluconate (Eq. 20-3, step a) but cannot carry out the next step, the stereospecific reduction to 2-oxo-L-gulonate. However, a gene encoding a suitable reductase was isolated from... 

Proteus morganii (IFO 3848) or Erwinia herbicola (ATCC 21433) or Enterobacter cloacol (ATCC 7256) --------------------------------- ... 

Levan Sucrose Bacillus sp. Pseudomonas sp. Erwinia herbicola Leuconostoc mesenteroides Microbacterium laevaniformans Serratia marcescens Zymonas mobilis... 

A further industrially important lyase for the production of L-amino acids is the tyrosine phenol lyase [39]. This biocatalyst is used by Ajinomoto in the production of the pharmaceutically important L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa), 32, which is applied in the treatment of Parkinson s disease. The reaction concept is based on a one-pot three-component synthesis starting from catechol, 30, pyruvic acid, 31, and ammonia in the presence of suspended whole cells (strain Erwinia herbicola) containing the tyrosine phenol lyase biocatalyst (Fig. 16). A key feature of this process is the high volumetric productivity of 110 g/L of the desired L-dopa product. Notably, this reaction runs with an annual capacity of 250 tons. 

Erwinia herbicola NCIMB 12126 was obtained from the National Collection of Industrial and Marine Bacteria (Aberdeen, UK), HEPES buffer sachets and magnesium acetate were obtained from Sigma (Poole, UK), adenylate kinase assay kits were obtained from Acolyte Biomedica (Salisbury, UK), sterile tissue culture grade distilled water was obtained from Gibco (Paisley, UK), L-broth and tryptone soya agar plates were obtained from Oxoid (Basingstoke, UK). 

Synthesis of L-Dopa Catalyzed by Tyrosine Phenol Lyase from Erwinia herbicola (E.C. 4.1.99.2)1100-1031... 

Erwinia iiredovora (Misawa et al., 1990) and Erwinia herbicola (Hundle et al., 1992). 

Hundle BS, O Brien DA, Alberti M, Beyer P and Hearst JE (1992) Functional expression of zeaxanthin glucosyltransferase from Erwinia herbicola and a proposed uridine diphosphate binding site. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89 9321-9325... 

Hunter CN, Hundle BS, Hearst JE, Lang HP, Gardiner AT, Takaichi S and Cogdell RJ (1994) Introduction of new carotenoids into the bacterial photosynthetic apparatus by combining the carotenoid biosynthetic pathways of Erwinia herbicola and Rhodobacter sphaeroides. J Bacteriol 176 3692-3697... 

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