Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase

SCHWARTZ s H, QIN X and ZEEVAART J A (2001) Characterisation of a novel carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase from plants , J Biol Chem, 276, 25208-11. 

Ohmiya, A. et ah. Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CmCCD4a) contributes to white color formation in Chrysanthemum petals. Plant Physiol. 142, 1193, 2006. 

Schwartz, S.H. et al.. Substrate specificity and kinetics for VP14, a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase in the ABA biosynthetic pathway, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1619, 9, 2003. 

Auldridge, M. E., A. Block et al. (2006). Characterization of three members of the arabidopsis carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase family demonstrates the divergent roles of this multifunctional enzyme family. Plant J. 45(6) 982-993. 

Booker, J., M. Auldridge et al. (2004). MAX3/CCD7 is a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase required for the synthesis of a novel plant signaling molecule. Curr. Biol. 14(14) 1232-1238. 

Cao, Y. R., X. L. Guo et al. (2005). Isolation and characterization of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase genein halophyte Suaeda salsa. Plant Growth Regul. 46(1) 61-67. 

Ibdah, M., Y. Azulay et al. (2006). Functional characterization of CmCCDl, a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase from melon. Phytochemistry 67(15) 1579-1589. 

Kato, M., H. Matsumoto et al. (2006). The role of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases in the regulation of carotenoid profiles during maturation in citrus fruit. J. Exp. Bot. 57(10) 2153-2164. 

Marasco, E. and C. Schmidt-Dannert (2008). Identification of bacterial carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase homologs that cleave the interphenyl u,(J double bond of stilbene derivatives via a monooxygenase reaction. Chembiochem. 9(9) 1450-1461. 

Marasco, E. K., K.-l. Vay et al. (2006). Identification of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases from Nosloc sp. PCC 7120 with different cleavage activities. J. Biol. Chem. 281(41) 31583-31593. 

Mathieu, S., F. Bigey et al. (2007). Production of a recombinant carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase from grape and enzyme assay in water-miscible organic solvents. Biotechnol. Lett. 29(5) 837-841. 

Mathieu, S., N. Terrier et al. (2005). A carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase from Vitis vinifera L. Functional characterization and expression during grape berry development in relation to C13-norisoprenoid accumulation. J. Exp. Bot. 56(420) 2721-2731. 

Schilling, M., F. Patett et al. (2007). Influence of solubility-enhancing fusion proteins and organic solvents on the in vitro biocatalytic performance of the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase AtCCDl in a micellar reaction system. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 75(4) 829-836. 

Simkin, A. J., S. H. Schwartz et al. (2004a). The tomato carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 genes contribute to the formation of the flavor volatiles beta-ionone, pseudoionone, and geranylacetone. Plant J. 40(6) 882-892. 

Simkin, A. J., B. A. Underwood et al. (2004b). Circadian regulation of the PhCCDl carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase controls emission of beta-ionone, a fragrance volatile of petunia flowers. Plant Physiol. 136(3) 3504-3514. 

Carotenoid catabolic products also have a physiological role in the plant. Oxidative cleavage of carotenoids by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) generates apocarotenoids [21]. Apocarotenoids serve the plant as antifungal agents or in the synthesis of flavor or aroma of flowers and fruits. A well-known downstream product of an apocarotenoid is abscisic acid (ABA), a phytohormone in plants [21]. 

Figure 42 A hypothetical pathway for the novel branching inhibitor. Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) and a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) are required for the synthesis of this novel hormone, whereas an F-box protein is probably involved in the perception or transduction of the hormonal signal.

Vogel, J.T. Tan, B.C. Mccarty, D.R. Klee, H.J. 2008. The carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 enzyme has broad substrate specificity, cleaving multiple carotenoids at two different bond positions. J. Biol. Chem. 283 11364-11373. 

Fig. 8A.4 Grape carotenoid general structure, neoxanthine and the chemical bonds cleaved by Vitis vinifera Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase to biosynthesize the corresponding primary products of cleavage (Cl3 norisoprenoids)...

Chemical Genetics, Brassinosteroids, Biosynthesis, Inhibitors, Abscisic Acid, Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase, Nine-cis-carotenoid Dioxygenase, Chemical Biology... 

Fig. 56.2 Carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in plants. Enzymes (with abbreviations) indicated are isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase (IPI), geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GGPS), phytoene synthase (PSY), phytoene desaturase (PDS), zeta-carotene desaturase (ZDS), carotenoid isomerase (CRTISO), lycopene beta-cyclase (LCYB), lycopene epsilon-cyclase (LCYE), beta-ring carotene hydroxylase (CHXB), epsilon-ring carotene hydroxylase (CHXE), zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP), violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE), capsorubin-capsanthin synthase (CCS), neoxanthin synthase (NXS), 9-cis epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED), and carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD). (Source [101], drawn using KeGG pathway)...

Carotenes, 1730, 2787, 4019, 4027 Carotenogenesis, 2861, 2869 Carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, 1731 Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCD)7, 3588, 3596... 

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