Cardiovascular system, toxicology

Acrylonitrile is beheved to behave similarly to hydrogen cyanide (enzyme inhibition of cellular metaboHsm) (150) and is befleved to be a potential carcinogen (151). It can also affect the cardiovascular system and kidney and Hver functions (150). Eurther information on the toxicology and human exposure to acrylonitrile is available (152—154) (see Acrylonitrile). 

Toxicology. Ethylene chlorohydrin is an irritant of the skin and eyes and is toxic to the liver, kidneys, cardiovascular system, and central nervous system. 

Toxicology. Halothane causes central nervous system depression, affects the cardiovascular system, and occasionally causes hepatitis. 

Figure 16.31 shows a series of toxicological studies33 we have performed on G115. These studies done on five animal species demonstrate that G115 has a very large therapeutic index. Note that neither the cardiovascular system nor the hormonal system is influenced in any way. 

The toxicological chemistry aspects of blood and the cardiovascular system are very important. Systemic poisons and their metabolites are carried to receptors in the body through this system. It carries phase I and phase II reaction products to the kidney and bladder for elimination. Toxicants can bind to blood proteins. Analysis of blood for toxicants and their metabolites is a common way of determining exposure to toxic substances and generally the most accurate means for evaluating systemic exposure. 

The central tenet of toxicology was stated by the sixteenth-century physician Paracelsus All substances are poisons. There is none that is not a poison. The right dose differentiates a poison and a remedy. The scope of this chapter includes the toxic effects of several classes of chemicals on the human cardiovascular system (CVS). These include drugs (including those commonly abused, as well as therapeutic), pesticides, other organic chemicals, metals and other... 

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