Carboxy methyl

This enzyme [EC 1.1.1.85] catalyzes the reaction of 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate and NAD+ to produce 3-carboxy-4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate and NADH. The product then decarboxylates, generating 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate. 

Die Carboxy-methyl-furazan-2-oxide sind stabiler als 3,4-Dicarboxy-furazan-2-oxid (s.u.) das trockene Kalium-Salz von 3-Carboxy-4-methyl-furazan-2-oxid ist explosiv (Erwarmen auf 115°)399. Zu weiteren Reaktionen der Carboxy-methyl-furazan-2-oxide s. Lit.398,400-402. 

Bei der Umsetzung von 3-Carboxy-4-methyl-furazan-2-oxid mit Olefinen bzw. Alkinen erhalt man 3-(l-Hydroximino-cthyl)-4,5-dihydro-l,2-oxazole bzw. 3-(l-Hydroximino-ethyl)-l,2-oxazole456 ... 

Carboxy-4-methyl-5-pentyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (273), isolated from blood and urine, is a hitherto unknown class of metabolic compound. The structure of (273) has recently been confirmed by synthesis (80CB699). 2,4,5-Trialkyl substituted furan-3-carboxylic acids have been synthesized from acyloin and /3-ketoesters by treatment with zinc chloride. By analogy with this synthetic route, the reaction of acetoin with 3-oxoadipic acid dimethyl ester was found to yield the 2,3-dimethylfuran (274). The dimethyl ester (275) was prepared by condensation of 3-chloro-2-octanone with 3-oxoadipic acid dimethyl ester and was shown to be identical with the dimethyl ester of the natural product. 

Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid Uippuric acid Homocysteine Indoxyl sulfate... 

Using HPLC and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Mabuchi and Nakahashi (M6) and Takeda et al. (T2) have identified the compound as 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF) (Fig. 5). This substance, first detected in normal urine (S31) and later in uremic sera (L9, M3), belongs to a new class of endogenous metabolites called urofuranic acids (Fig. 6). Although fiiranoid fatty acids with similar chemical structures have been found in lipids in the liver and testes of several fish species, the source and metabolism of... 

M4. Mabuchi, H., and Nakahashi, H., Determination of 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpro-panoic acid, a major endogenous ligand substance in uremic serum, by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. J. Chromatogr. 415, 110-117 (1987). 

Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins Among the 20 protein-bound uremic toxins identified in the EUTox review (Vanholder et al., 2003), leptin and retinol binding protein were middle molecules, and 18 others were small solutes (MW < 500 Da). Some of these protein-bound molecules exert a toxic effect at concentrations observed in dialysis patients. For example, the 3-carboxy-4-methyl propylfuranpropionic acid, which is 98% bound to albumin, inhibits erythropoiesis (Niwa et al., 1990). Similarly, P-cresol and indoxyl sulfate, both of which are nearly 100% protein bound, inhibit endothelial... 

Poly(3-carboxy-4-methyl-1 -buteny lene) (Poly(soibic acid)) ... 

---