Composite nanofibers carbon nanotubes

Particulate polymer composites with fibers are a very active area of development, particularly carbon nanotubes and nanofiber composites, and the new graphite and polymer composites [35]. This fact, combined with the continued interest in nancomoposites based in nanometric clays [36], suggests that improvements in mechanical properties of particulate and short-fiber polymer composite materials will continue to be reported. 

T. Yang, N. Zhou, Y. Zhang, W. Zhang, K. Jiao, and G. Li, Synergistically improved sensitivity for the detection of specific DNA sequences using polyaniline nanofibers and multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites. Biosens. Bioelectron., 24, 2165—2170 (2009). 

He L X and Tjong S C (2010) Effect of temperature on electrical conduction behavior of polyvinyl-idene fluoride nanocomposites with carbon nanotubes and nanofibers, Curr Nanosci 6 520-524. Bhattacharyya A R, Sreekumar T V, Liu T, Kumar S, Ericson L M, Hauge H and Smalley R E (2003) Crystallization and orientation in polypropylene/single wall carbon nanotube composite. Polymer 44 2373-2377. 

Almecija D, Blond D, Sader J E, Colemanb J N and Boland J J (2009) Mechanical properties of individual electrospun polymer-nanotube composite nanofibers, Carbon 47 2253-2258. 

Some attempts were made to improve the fatigue resistance of polymers by adding 2-D nanofillers such as carbon nanotubes or nanofibers, with particular attention to thermosetting resins, such as epoxies, having a potential interest as matrices for structural composites [47,48,51,63]. 

Parveen S, Rana S, Fangueiro R. A review on nanomaterial dispersion, microstructure, and mechanical properties of carbon nanotube and nanofiber reinforced cementitious composites. J Nanomater 2013 710175 1-19. 

Sandler, J., et al.. Crystallization of carbon nanotube and nanofiber polypropylene composites. Journal of Macromolecular Science - Physics, 2003. B42(3—4) p. 479-488. 

In this chapter, online size classification techniques for both diameter and length of gas phase nanofibers are reviewed. In addition, unipolar diffusion charging theories for fibers are discussed. Based on the findings of this review, an approach to online size characterization of carbon nanotubes (and nanofibers) is developed and experimental results are presented. Because of the importance of TEM analysis for size measurement confirmation and for structure and compositional analysis, a brief discussion of microscopy sample preparation and analysis is also presented. 

Lee H, Mall S, He P, Shi DL, Narasimhadevara S, Yeo-Heung Y, Shanov V, Schulz MJ (2007) Characterization of carbon nanotube/nanofiber-reinforced polymer composites using an instrumented indentation technique. Composites Part B 38 58-65... 

A test matrix of about 20 different carbon samples, including commercial carbon fibers and fiber composites, graphite nanofibers, carbon nanowebs and single walled carbon nanotubes was assembled. The sorbents were chosen to represent a large variation in surface areas and micropore volumes. Both non-porous materials, such as graphites, and microporous sorbents, such as activated carbons, were selected. Characterization via N2 adsorption at 77 K was conducted on the majority of the samples for this a Quantachrome Autosorb-1 system was used. The results of the N2 and H2 physisorption measurements are shown in Table 2. In the table CNF is used to designate carbon nanofibers, ACF is used for activated carbon fibers and AC for activated carbon. 

A novel route to pure and composite fibers of polypyrrole was recently reported by Han and Shi [42]. An organic salt (FeAOT) was synthesized by the reaction of sodium l,4-bis(2-ethyUiexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) and ferric chloride. It was fabricated into nanofibers by manual drawing and electrospinning. Long PPy fibers were obtained for the first time by a vapor deposition reaction of pyrrole on the FeAOT fibers, and this technique was extended to the synthesis of PPy composite fibers with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PPy-MWCNT fibers). The PPy and PPy-MWCNT fibers had a nanoporous morphology, a conductivity of 10-15 S cm and a tensile strength of 12—43 MPa. Studies of the electrochemistry and current-voltage characteristics of the PPy fibers were also reported. 

Therefore, it can be seen from the above expression that is closely related to absorption loss (SE ). SE is also important for porous structures (e.g., foams) and for certain type of filled composites (carbon nanofibers [CNFs]/carbon nanotubes [CNTs]/graphene-filled polymers) or for certain design geometries (e.g., honeycomb lattices) [1,2,9,13,81]. It can be neglected in the case of a shield having thick absorbing elements due... 

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