Carbon field-effect transistor

Maehashi et al. (2007) used pyrene adsorption to make carbon nanotubes labeled with DNA aptamers and incorporated them into a field effect transistor constructed to produce a label-free biosensor. The biosensor could measure the concentration of IgE in samples down to 250 pM, as the antibody molecules bound to the aptamers on the nanotubes. Felekis and Tagmatarchis (2005) used a positively charged pyrene compound to prepare water-soluble SWNTs and then electrostatically adsorb porphyrin rings to study electron transfer interactions. Pyrene derivatives also have been used successfully to add a chromophore to carbon nanotubes using covalent coupling to an oxidized SWNT (Alvaro et al., 2004). In this case, the pyrene ring structure was not used to adsorb directly to the nanotube surface, but a side-chain functional group was used to link it covalently to modified SWNTs. 

Martel, R. Schmidt, T. Shea, H. R. Hertel, T. Avouris, P. 1998. Single- and multi-wall carbon nanotube field-effect transistors. Appl. Phys. Lett. 73 2447-2449. 

Gabriel, J. P. 2004. Carbon nanotube field effect transistors and sensors based on nanotube networks. Mater. Res. Soc. Proc., Session HH 14.5. 

Keren K, Berman RS, Buchstab E, Sivan U, Braun E (2003). DNA-templated carbon nanotube field-effect transistor. Science 302 1380-1382. 

Javey A, Tu R, Farmer DB et al (2005) High performance n-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistors with chemically doped contacts. Nano Lett 5 345-348... 

Ding L, Wang S, Zhang Z et al (2009) Y-contacted high-performance n-type single-walled carbon nanotube field-effect transistors scaling and comparison with Sc-contacted devices. Nano Lett 9 4209-4214... 

Xu G, Liu F, Han S et al (2008) Low-frequency noise in top-gated ambipolar carbon nanotube field effect transistors. Appl Phys Lett 92 223114... 

Allen B, Kichambare P, Star A (2007) Carbon nanotube field-effect-transistor-based biosensors. Adv Mater 19 1439-1451... 

Katsura T, Yamamoto Y, Maehashi K et al (2008) High-performance carbon nanotube field-effect transistors with local electrolyte gates. Jpn J Appl Phys 47 2060-2063... 

Liu S, Shen Q, Cao Y et al (2010) Chemical functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotube field-effect transistors as switches and sensors. Coord Chem Rev 254 1101-1116... 

Javey A, Guo J, Wang Q et al (2003) Ballistic carbon nanotube field-effect transistors. Nature 424 654-657... 

Burghard M, Klauk H, Kem K (2009) Carbon-based field-effect transistors for nanoelectronics. Adv Mater 21 2586-2600... 

The incorporation of siloles in polymers is of interest and importance in chemistry and functionalities. Some optoelectronic properties, impossible to obtain in silole small molecules, may be realized with silole-containing polymers (SCPs). The first synthesis of SCPs was reported in 1992.21 Since then, different types of SCPs, such as main chain type 7r-conjugated SCPs catenated through the aromatic carbon of a silole, main chain type cr-conjugated SCPs catenated through the silicon atom of a silole, SCPs with silole pendants, and hyperbranched or dendritic SCPs (Fig. 2), have been synthesized.10 In this chapter, the functionalities of SCPs, such as band gap, photoluminescence, electroluminescence, bulk-heterojunction solar cells, field effect transistors, aggregation-induced emission, chemosensors, conductivity, and optical limiting, are summarized. 

G. Zheng et al., Transition of single-walled carbon nanotubes from metallic to semiconducting in field-effect transistors by hydrogen plasma treatment. Nano Lett. 7, 1622 (2007)... 

Carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs).373... 

Carbon nanotubes, especially SWNTs, with their fascinating electrical properties, dimensional proximity to biomacromolecules (e.g., DNA of 1 nm in size), and high sensitivity to surrounding environments, are ideal components in biosensors not only as electrodes for signal transmission but also as detectors for sensing biomolecules and biospecies. In terms of configuration and detection mechanism, biosensors based on carbon nanotubes may be divided into two categories electrochemical sensors and field effect transistor (FET) sensors. Since a number of recent reviews on the former have been published,6,62,63 our focus here is mostly on FET sensors. 

Alcohol vapor sensors based on single-walled carbon nanotube field effect transistors , Nano Letters 3, 877 (2003). 

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