Carbon disulfide with metal hydrides

Although a nonflammable gas, it reacts explosively with many substances, including organics, metals, metal sulfides, sulfur, phosphorus, nitric oxide, ammonia, carbon disulfide, metal hydrides, and charcoal. It is a severe irritant to the eyes, nose, skin, and respiratory tract. Inhalation of the gas at 100 ppm can be fatal to humans. 

Ignition or explosive reaction with metals (e.g., aluminum, antimony powder, bismuth powder, brass, calcium powder, copper, germanium, iron, manganese, potassium, tin, vanadium powder). Reaction with some metals requires moist CI2 or heat. Ignites with diethyl zinc (on contact), polyisobutylene (at 130°), metal acetylides, metal carbides, metal hydrides (e.g., potassium hydride, sodium hydride, copper hydride), metal phosphides (e.g., copper(II) phosphide), methane + oxygen, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, calcium nitride, nonmetals (e.g., boron, active carbon, silicon, phosphoms), nonmetal hydrides (e.g., arsine, phosphine, silane), steel (above 200° or as low as 50° when impurities are present), sulfides (e.g., arsenic disulfide, boron trisulfide, mercuric sulfide), trialkyl boranes. 

Most of the information available on this topic is derived from works on the reactions of alkali metal salts (sodium or potassium) of dialkyl cyanomethylphosphonates with sp or sp electrophihc center. Thus, in the presence of a further equivalent of sodium hydride, sodium dialkyl cyanomethylphosphonates add to carbon disulfide in I I2O at room temperature to give alkenedithiolates, which are further characterized by alkylation or oxidation. For example, reaction with methyl iodide provides dialkyl 1-cyano-2,2-/ /.v(methylthio)vinylphosphonates in 21—40% yields (Scheme 6.16),-° whereas treatment with acetyl chloride in refluxing THF leads to l,3-dithietane-2,4-diylidene/ /.v(cyanorncthylphos-phonate) in low to fair yields (10-54%, Scheme 6.16). -... 

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