Carbon bearing materials

In order to provide AMS analyses to the broad ocean sciences research community, the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility (NOSAMS) was established at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (Massachusetts) in 1989. Studies performed there include identification of sources of carbon-bearing materials in the water column and sediment, dating of sedimentary samples, investigations of paleocirculation patterns (e.g., from observations of differences in 14C relative abundances in planktonic and benthic foraminifera, and coral cores and cross sections), as well as studies of modern oceanic carbon cycling and circulation. In fact, much that is known about advective and diffusive processes in the ocean comes from measurements of chemical tracers, such as 14C, rather than from direct measurements of water mass flow. 

The carbon-bearing material in the outflows from luminous carbon-rich stars... 

Shock Reactions of Carbon-Bearing Materials and Their Cosmochemical Significance... 

Shock waves and carbon-bearing materials occur ubiquitously in tl>e universe and the interaction between them is a common phenomenon. In tlie interaction, wliich we call shock reaction, Uie shock wave compresses and heats the caibon-hearing materials, producing organic materials witli compositions differing from those of the initial materials. We believe that the shock reaction is one of the most important reactions for the chemical evolution of organic materials in space. 

Before carbonaceous chondrites arrive on the Eartli, tire carbon-bearing materials in tliem may imdergo shock events in at least tire following tliree stages die fonnation of parent bodies by accretion of interstellar medimn particles, the break-up of the parent bodies by their mutual collisions, and die fall of meteorites on the Earth traversing the atmosphere. Through these shock events, primitive carbonaceous materials diat had been present in the interstellar medium would become more complex compounds and they would be detected in meteorites. Shock reacdons may have promoted the secondaiy production of heavier and more complicated PAHs such as the insoluble polymers of muldple benzene rings detected in meteorites. 

Complete combustion of all carbon bearing material at hi temperature... 

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