Carbide, aluminum calcium

Nitrides, phosphides, carbides Aluminum phosphide, calcium carbide, gallium phosphide... 

Uses Reduction of iron ore in blast furnaces as source of synthesis gas refractory furnace linings in electrorefining of aluminum and other high-temp, service electrodes in electrolytic reduction of AI2O3 to aluminum filter medium fuel electrothermal prod, of phosphorus, silicon carbide, and calcium carbide plastics additive providing wear reduction in PTFE, creep resist., chemical inertia and stability, thermal conductivity and stability... 

Aluminum calcium silicate Ammonium polyphosphate Bauxite Boron carbide Calcium lignosulfonate Calcium oxide Carbon Holmium oxide Lanthanum oxide Magnesium oxalate dihydrate... 

Carbon bricks are also used as linings for furnaces making phosphorus, calcium carbide, aluminum, and magnesium. In some arc furnaces, the arc is struck between the electrodes and the hearth. In those cases, carbon bricks are used to make the hearth conduct heat. 

Reactions of HCl and nitrides, borides, silicides, germanides, carbides, and sulfides take place at significant rates only at elevated (>650° C) temperatures. The products are the metal chlorides and the corresponding hydrides. The reactions most studied are those involving nitrides of aluminum, magnesium, calcium, and titanium, where ammonia (qv) is formed along with the corresponding metal chloride. 

Sihca is reduced to siUcon at 1300—1400°C by hydrogen, carbon, and a variety of metallic elements. Gaseous siUcon monoxide is also formed. At pressures of >40 MPa (400 atm), in the presence of aluminum and aluminum haUdes, siUca can be converted to silane in high yields by reaction with hydrogen (15). SiUcon itself is not hydrogenated under these conditions. The formation of siUcon by reduction of siUca with carbon is important in the technical preparation of the element and its alloys and in the preparation of siUcon carbide in the electric furnace. Reduction with lithium and sodium occurs at 200—250°C, with the formation of metal oxide and siUcate. At 800—900°C, siUca is reduced by calcium, magnesium, and aluminum. Other metals reported to reduce siUca to the element include manganese, iron, niobium, uranium, lanthanum, cerium, and neodymium (16). 

Sihcon carbide is comparatively stable. The only violent reaction occurs when SiC is heated with a mixture of potassium dichromate and lead chromate. Chemical reactions do, however, take place between sihcon carbide and a variety of compounds at relatively high temperatures. Sodium sihcate attacks SiC above 1300°C, and SiC reacts with calcium and magnesium oxides above 1000°C and with copper oxide at 800°C to form the metal sihcide. Sihcon carbide decomposes in fused alkahes such as potassium chromate or sodium chromate and in fused borax or cryohte, and reacts with carbon dioxide, hydrogen, ak, and steam. Sihcon carbide, resistant to chlorine below 700°C, reacts to form carbon and sihcon tetrachloride at high temperature. SiC dissociates in molten kon and the sihcon reacts with oxides present in the melt, a reaction of use in the metallurgy of kon and steel (qv). The dense, self-bonded type of SiC has good resistance to aluminum up to about 800°C, to bismuth and zinc at 600°C, and to tin up to 400°C a new sihcon nitride-bonded type exhibits improved resistance to cryohte. 

With the exception of carbon use in the manufacture of aluminum, the largest use of carbon and graphite is as electrodes in electric-arc furnaces. In general, the use of graphite electrodes is restricted to open-arc furnaces of the type used in steel production whereas, carbon electrodes are employed in submerged-arc furnaces used in phosphoms, ferroalloy, and calcium carbide. 

Several aluminum biphenolate complexes have been investigated as initiators for the ROP of PO.810,935 Unlike the TPP and salen-based systems, a cis coordination site is realistically accessible and in theory an alternative cis-migratory mechanism to the backside attack pathway might operate. However, NMR analyses on the resultant PPO show that stereochemical inversion still occurs when the biphenolate initiators are used (Scheme 22). It has also been confirmed that the same process occurs with the Union Carbide calcium alkoxide-amide initiator for both PO and CHO.810... 

Lead(II) azide Lead chromate Lead dioxide Calcium stearate, copper, zinc, brass, carbon disulfide Iron hexacyanoferrate(4-) Aluminum carbide, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydroxylamine, ni-troalkanes, nitrogen compounds, nonmetal halides, peroxoformic acid, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, potassium, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, sulfides,... 

Aluminum phosphide Amyl trichlorosilane Benzoyl chloride Boron tribromide Boron trifluoride Boron trifluoride etherate Bromine pentafluoride Bromine trifluoride n-Butyl isocyanate Butyllithium Butyric anhydride Calcium Calcium carbide Chlorine trifluoride Chloro silanes Chlorosulfonic acid Chromium oxychloride Cyanamide Decaborane Diborane... 

A method for the commercial production of acetylene was discovered accidentally in 1892 by Thomas Willson (1860-1915). Willson was experimenting on aluminum production at his company in Spray, North Carolina. He was attempting to produce calcium in order to reduce aluminum in aluminum oxide, A1203. Willson combined coal tar and quicklime in an electric furnace and, instead of producing metallic calcium, he produced a brittle gray substance. The substance was calcium carbide, CaC2, which when reacted with water, produced acetylene. Willsons work led to the establishment of a number of acetylene plants in the United States and Europe during the next decade. 

D Reaction of Oxides with Calcium Carbide and Aluminum... 

Fillers used in large quantities to reinforce plastics are alumina (aluminum oxide), calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, cellulose flock, cotton (different forms), short glass fiber, glass beads, glass spheres, graphite, iron oxide powder, mica, quartz, sisal, silicon carbide, dtanium oxide, and tungsten carbide. Choice of filler varies and depends to a great extent upon the requirements of the end item and method of fabrication. 

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