Captopril congestive heart failure

Chymostatin-sensitive Il-generating enzyme Carvedilol Post-Infarct Survival Control in Left Ventricular Dysfunction Trial Collaborative Study Captopril Trial ( The Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition on Diabetic Nephropathy ) calcium channel blocking agents Candesartan in Heart Failure Assessment of Reduction in Morbidity and Mortality Trial congestive heart failure, but the latest recommendations use HF for heart failure chronic kidney disease cardiac output... 

Captopril enhances cardiac output in patients with congestive heart failure by inducing a reduction in ventricular afterload and preload. Converting enzyme inhibitors have been shown to decrease the mass and wall... 

Captopril, as well as other ACE inhibitors, is indicated in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction after a myocardial infarction, and diabetic nephropathy. In the treatment of essential hypertension, captopril is considered first-choice therapy, either alone or in combination with a thiazide diuretic. Decreases in blood pressure are primarily attributed to decreased total peripheral resistance or afterload. An advantage of combining captopril therapy with a conventional thiazide diuretic is that the thiazide-induced hypokalemia is minimized in the presence of ACE inhibition, since there is a marked decrease in angiotensin Il-induced aldosterone release. 

Drug Class Angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors Suffix -pril Common Examples Captopril, enalapril Primary Indication or Desired Effect (Chapter in Parentheses) Antihypertensive [21], congestive heart failure [24]... 

Parenteral 40, 80, 160 mg/mL for IV injection 80, 160, 320 mg/dL in 5% dextrose for IV infusion Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Labeled for Use in Congestive Heart Failure Captopril (generic, Capoten)... 

The-Captopril-Multicenter-Research-Group, A placebo-controlled trial of captopril in refractory chronic congestive heart failure, J Am Coll Cardiol I 983 2 755-763,... 

Congestive heart failure (CHF), other high-risk patients Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition Enalapril Captopril Ramipril Reduction in cardiovascular, all-cause mortality reduced hospitalizations and recurrent CHF in patients post-MI, with CHF and with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) CONSENSUS SAVE SOLVD AIRE HOPE >23,000 14... 

With the data included in the overview of Garg et al. (316), it is possible to calculate that 18 patients need to be treated for 90 days to avoid one death or one hospitalization for congestive heart failure (95% confidence interval [Cl] 16-23). This meta-analysis includes 32 trials with the ACE inhibitors captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, quinapril, ramipril, and perindopril. It is likely that high doses (for instance, lisinopril 35 mg daily) are more effective than low doses (lisinopril 5 mg daily) (302). Treating 30 patients for 4 years with a high dose of lisinopril (95% Cl 16-509) will avoid one hospitalization for cardiovascular reasons or one death in comparison with a low dose, without increasing the number of adverse effects requiring withdrawal from treatment. 

Captopril a drug that is used for hypertension and congestive heart failure. It is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. 

One of the most successful drugs of recent years is captopril [l-(3-mercapto-2-(S)-methyl-l-oxopropyl)-(S)-proIine] [6]. It is an inhibitor of the angiotensin-converting enzyme and is widely used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. The stereochemical purity of captopril was investigated after esterification and acylation by enantio-selective gas chromatography using a XE-60-L-val-(S)-a-phenylethyI-amide column (43). 

Scott RA, Barnett DB. Lower than conventional doses of captopril in the initiation of converting enzyme inhibition in patients with severe congestive heart failure. Chn Cardiol 1989 12(4) 225-6. 

Cleland JG, Dargie HJ, Pettigrew A, Gillen G, Robertson JL The effects of captopril on serum digoxin and urinary urea and digoxin clearances in patients with congestive heart failure. Am Heart J 1986 112(l) 130-5. 

Magelli C, Bassein L, Ribani MA, Liberatore S, Ambrosioni E, Magnani B. Lack of effect of captopril on serum digoxin in congestive heart failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1989 36(1) 99-100. 

Miyakawa T, Shionoiri H, Takasaki I, Kobayashi K, Ishii M. The effect of captopril on pharmacokinetics of digoxin in patients with mild congestive heart failure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1991 17(4) 576-80. 

Kirimli O, Kalkan S, Guneri S, Tuncok Y, Akdeniz B, Ozdamar M, Guven H. The effects of captopril on serum digoxin levels in patients with severe congestive heart failure. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001 39(7) 311-14. 

In congestive heart failure, single conventional doses of captopril (25-75 mg) attenuated the natriuretic response to furosemide, while a low dose (1 mg) significantly enhanced furosemide-induced natriuresis (SEDA-17, 268) (SEDA-18, 236). The mechanism of this interaction is uncertain, but captopril did not affect delivery of furosemide to its site of action (28). In the long-term, intensive treatment with captopril enhanced the natriuretic response to furosemide (SEDA-17, 268). 

Theophylline Captopril Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) Bronchodilation Vasodilation in the presence of congestive heart failure... 

Following the introduction of captopril (48), an orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE), many proline-containing analogues have been prepared for treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure). One of the most active derivatives is... 

Drugs proved to reduce mortality in chronic congestive heart failure include all of the following EXCEPT (A) Captopril Carvedilol Digoxin Enalapril Spironolactone... 

Although they are extremely useful in congestive heart failure, captopril and the other ACE inhibitors have no positive inotropic effect on the heart. The answer is (B). 

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