Captopril inhibitors

Antony J, GreshN, Olsen L, Hemmingsen L, Schofield CJ, Bauer R (2002) Binding of d- and L-captopril inhibitors to metallo-P-laetamase studied by polarizable moleeular meehanies and quantum meehanies. J Comput Chem 23(13) 1281-1296. doi 10.1002/jee.10111... 

One of the homochiral starting materials (45) for the acetylcholinesterase (ACE) inhibitor captopril [62571 -86-2] (47) is produced by a Hpase enzyme-catalyzed resolution of racemic 3-methyl-4-acetylthiobutyric acid (44) and L-proline (46) (65). 

Folic acid deficiency Hyperthermia Phenylketonuria Rheumatic disease Virilizing tumors Drugs and chemicals Androgenic chemicals Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Captopril, enalapril Antibiotics... 

More than 15 ACE inhibitors are presently available. They belong to three different chemical classes sul-fhydryl compounds such as captopril, carboxyl compounds such as enalapril, and phopshorus compounds... 

Most ACE inhibitors are prodrugs, with the exceptions of captopril, lisinopril, and ceranapril. Prodrugs exert improved oral bioavailability, but need to be converted to active compounds in the liver, kidney, and/or intestinal tract. In effect, converting enzyme inhibitors have quite different kinetic profiles with regard to half time, onset and duration of action, or tissue penetration. 

Angiotensm-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors— for example, captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), and lismopril (Prinivil)... 

ADMINISTERING ACE INHIBITORS. The nurse administers captopril and moexipril 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals to enhance absorption. Some patients taking an ACE inhibitor experience a dry cough that does not subside until the drug therapy is discontinued. This reaction may need to be tolerated. If the cough becomes too bothersome, the primary care provider may discontinue use of the drug. 

Redshaw S. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and the design of captopril. In Ganellin CR, Roberts SM, editors. Medicinal chemistry. The role of organic chemistry in drug research, 2nd edition. Fondon Academic Press, 1993. p. 163-85. 

Captopril, like some other ACE inhibitors, is a peptide derivative. The... 

Angiotensin II causes vasoconstriction by direct stimulation of ATj receptors on the vascular smooth muscle. It also enhances release of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine from the sympathetic nerve fibers present in the blood vessels. The vasopressor effects of Ag II may be inhibited pharmacologically in order to decrease TPR and treat hypertension. An important class of orally active drugs is the ACE inhibitors, including captopril and enalopril, which prevent formation of Ag II. More recently, angiotensin receptor antagonists have been developed that act at the vascular smooth muscle. These drugs, which include losartin and valsartan, are also orally active. 

Captopril 678 and enalapril 679 are potent angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors used as antihypertensives. Molecular manipulation based on the enzyme model led to the discovery of some perspective bicyclic structures, for example, cilazapril 680 and compound 681, highly active antihypertensives in vivo. Compound 681 belongs to the most potent conformationally restricted ACE inhibitors and is often used as a model for molecular modeling studies <1996JA8231>. 

ACE inhibitors Captopril Inhibits conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 11. 

The answer is b. (1 Iardman, pp 750-751) Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, especially captopril, can cause alteration or loss of taste sensation... 

All 10 ACE inhibitors available in the United States can be dosed once daily for hypertension except captopril, which is usually dosed two or three times daily. The absorption of captopril (but not enalapril or lisinopril) is reduced by 30% to 40% when given with food. 

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