Cancer Among poor

Brain metastases are among the most feared complications of cancer and generally carry a poor prognosis. One serious consequence of brain metastases is elevated intracranial pressure, which can rapidly lead to fatal intracranial herniation and death. Rapid identification of the signs and symptoms of brain metastases is critical to improve long-term outcome and avoid mortality. 

Carotenoids are a class of lipophilic compounds with a polyisoprenoid structure. Most carotenoids contain a series of conjugated double bonds, which are sensitive to oxidative modification and cis-trans isomerization. There are six major carotenoids (ji-carotenc, a-carotene, lycopene, P-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin) that can be routinely found in human plasma and tissues. Among them, p-carotene has been the most extensively studied. More recently, lycopene has attracted considerable attention due to its association with a decreased risk of certain chronic diseases, including cancers. Considerable efforts have been expended in order to identify its biological and physiochemical properties. Relative to P-carotene, lycopene has the same molecular mass and chemical formula, yet lycopene is an open-polyene chain lacking the P-ionone ring structure. While the metabolism of P-carotene has been extensively studied, the metabolism of lycopene remains poorly understood. 

The two major causes of death among older Americans are heart disease and cancer. Both are influenced by poor diet, smoking, and lack of exercise. 

High uPAR levels in breast, colorectal, and lung cancers predict short overall survival. However, the opposite was found for uPAR in tumor tissue from ovarian cancer patients [143]. Proteins in this study were extracted from the tumor tissue using the Triton X-100-containing acidic buffer [124]. The levels of uPAR, measured with the E4 ELISA, were lower in benign as compared to invasive or borderline tumors. However, among the malignant tumors, the more advanced and poorly differentiated tumors contained lower levels of uPAR than the well-differentiated, less advanced tumors. 

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