Canadian universities

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Many fundamental research projectsand thesis bearing on the general problems in fuel cells have been carried out in Canadian Universities. 

Chiasson JL, Naditch LMiglitol Canadian University Investigator Group. The synergistic effect of miglitol plus metformin combination therapy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2001 24(6) 989-94. 

The first theoretical chemists were appointed to Canadian universities in the mid- to late 1950s, long after strong traditions for theoretical chemistry had been established in Europe, the United Kingdom and the United States. Furthermore, many of the first Canadian theoreticians often carried out experiments or maintained experimental laboratories in departments of chemistry in which the dominant figures were typically experimental physical chemists or organic chemists with a penchant for natural products and synthesis. 

The late development of theoretical chemistry in Canada was a consequence of the relatively weak research base in Canadian universities prior to 1950. In fact, research in Canadian universities during the first half of the twentieth century lagged seriously behind that of the leading universities of the major industrialized nations. Only McGill University and the University of... 

With this brief introduction, it is useful to reflect on the state of the development of theoretical chemistry in 1970, little more than a decade after its establishment in Canadian universities. 

From 1954, when Camille Sandorfy took up his position at the University of Montreal, to 1960, only 6 theoretical chemists were appointed. During the next five-year interval, 16 appointments were made. In the five-year interval 1966 to 1970, inclusive, a total of 35 theoretical and computational chemists were appointed to Canadian universities, a time of unprecedented opportunities. The growth rate was not sustainable. From personal experience, the author knows that appointments for theoretical and computational chemists were extremely rare in Canada for the decade beginning in 1971. Indeed, for the ten-year interval from 1971 to 1980, only 14 appointments were made 6 in 1971-1975 and 8 in 1976-1980. 

While the first peak in Figure 3 is due to the rapid expansion of the Canadian university system in the 1960s, the second peak was at least in part... 

Figure 3 Number of new appointments, in 2-year intervals, of theoretical and computational chemists to the faculties of the departments of chemistry of Canadian universities.

Table 2 Chronology of Appointments0 of Theoretical and Computational Chemists in Canadian Universities... 

When Lenore McEwen was appointed in 1959, she became the first woman named as a theoretical chemist on the faculty of a department of chemistry of a Canadian university. She maintained her interest in the electronic structures and spectra of nitrogen-oxygen compounds for several years after her arrival in Saskatoon, although most of her papers resulted from her postdoctoral research in Sandorfy s group.69... 

Laval University was one of the first Canadian universities to hire a theoretical chemist. Wendell Forst arrived in 1961 and developed a research program based on the theory of unimolecular reactions75 and quantum chemistry. He maintained ties with experimental physical chemistry through a strong interest in mass spectrometry and gas phase kinetics. In many of his papers he sought analytical solutions to fundamental problems.76 In 1986, after a quarter-century at Laval, he moved to the University of Nancy in France. 

Attila Szabo and Neil Ostlund, authors of a standard quantum chemistry text,293 graduated from Canadian universities. After receiving his undergradu-... 

When it reaches its full capability, TASCC will accelerate all ions between lithium and uranium to energies up to 50 MeV/u and 10 MeV/u, respectively, It will feed some major pieces of apparatus the Q3D magnetic spectrometer, the isotope separator, a growing array of gas and solid-state detectors housed in a 1.5 m diameter scattering chamber, and the 8ir" Y-ray spectrometer [AND 84], All are currently operational except the 8ir spectrometer, which is being built by a consortium of Canadian universities and AECL Chalk River, with completion scheduled for late 1986. It will comprise two subsystems i) a spin spectrometer of 72 bismuth germanate (BGO) detectors, and ii) an array of 20 Compton-suppressed hyperpure (HP) Ge detectors. 

Altogether Gerald authored more than 200 research papers—about half of them from Edinburgh, and the others from his Canadian universities. Although the numerical balance is approximately even, the quality increased over the years, so that his Canadian work can be recognized as his best, and a fine exemplification of the benefits accruing from interdisciplinary collaboration. 

Short course October 17—18, 1989, Canadian University-Industry Council on Advanced Ceramics, p. 275. 

Figure 5, Chemical engineering degrees granted by Canadian universities...

Directory of Chemical Engineering Research in Canadian Universities, 5th ed. Chem. Inst, of Canada Ottawa, 1965-6. 

The provincial associations and L Ordre are all members of the Canadian Council of Professional Engineers. This was formed to provide a mechanism for consultation between the provincial organizations, and to enable joint action when necessary. One such important joint action was the formation of the Canadian Accreditation Board. This board establishes and maintains the academic levels required for membership in the provincial bodies. It has been able to maintain uniform standards across Canada and thus has ensured that acceptable graduates from any Canadian university engineering fiiculty may to able to join any provincial governing body. 

University TkJTairs. (2013). More Canadian universities seek U.S. accreditation, http //www.uni-versityaflairs.ca/more-canadian-universities-seek-us-accreditation.aspx. 

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