Camouflage techniques

Despite the ap )arent lack of interest or conviction in more ambitious camouflage objectives, a great deal of research into marine camouflage techniques was carried out in Britain during the war. Work was carried out by the. Admiralty Research Laboratory at... 

It was not the first time that a prominent artist had made suggestions about camouflage techniques. Back in 1899, the American painter George DeForest Brush, who was known for his studies of protective coloration in nature, propounded a camouflage scheme that was intended to reduce the undesirable visibility levels that resulted from the standard United States Navy colour systems of that time. It is interesting to note that from November 1913 the British Fress had been advocating the adoption, by the Admiralty, of the Brush low visibility painting method for British ships too, albeit without success. 

His concern with colour led him to study and publish on the principles of protective coloration in nature and these were adapted to camouflage techniques in World War 1. Advanced camouflage ideas to the United States Navy in 1889 and 1910/1911. 

Wheaton W., Vincent L, Dumas J. (2010), Adaptive camouflage techniques for a light armoured vehicle. Land Warfare Conference 2010, Brisbane, 725-30. 

Fragmentation hand grenades dispersed along a trail or road and camouflaged provide an excellent ambush technique. With a primacord system any number can be fired simultaneously. 

What is important is to note that when the water dried up the spread of TNT remained in that shape. This would explain the so-called camouflage patterns we had determined ten years before. The scientific tests and results obtained in the early 1990s by the old Mechem were never published and only recorded in broad detail. What was shared was the results and developed techniques. 

Phenol entails the most complex post-peel care occlusive masks, healing masks and cosmetic care during the months following the peel. Chapters 25-36 are devoted to this technique. The expected downtime is between 7 and 15 days, depending on the formula used. The patient will have to wear camouflage make-up to hide any redness, which can last for several weeks or months. 

The termination of hostilities provided the opportunity, as it did for so many other experimental practices, to assess just how effective camouflage methods had been. Much energy and time had been expended on developing techniques, the worth of which could now be either confirmed or refuted by evaluation of the numbers of ships they had saved. That losses generally had declined in the later stages of World War 1 was obvious but, as stated earlier, numerous other factors inlluenced this improvement. 

Between late 1941 and 1945, the Section devised twenty-one basic camouflage measures which were adopted as official schemes while a large number of other techniques, which were not, in the event, approved for fleet application, were introduced experimentally. Detailed designs for each of the official measures were prepared for every vessel type to which they were applied. Where confusion schemes were applied to large classes of ships, and there was a danger that the class could be identified by the... 

The alteration of ships silhouettes to render them unrecognisable, a tactic known as dynamic camouflage, was another technique widely used by the combatants of both World Wars. Apart from the addition or subtraction of funnels, a particularly ingenious trick was to create the effect of a symmetrical, double-ended vessel, with navigation bridges and... 

Of particular note among the techniques devised by the Directorate of Camouflage was a method of quantitative assessment of painted camouflage for ships. I he assessment... 

Once the camouflage desigu is finalised and printed onto fabric, either a part of a uniform (like a jacket) or a full uniform is made to evaluate in the laboratory as well as the field. Field evaluations are of interest here. Two basic types are commonly nsed Probability of Detection (POD) and pairwise comparison. These techniques are described below. 

Hepfinger L., Stewardson C., Rock K., Lesher L. L., Kramer F. M., et al. (2010), Soldier Camouflage for Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) Pattem-in-Picture (PIP) Technique for Expedient Human-in-the-Loop Camouflage Assessment, 27th Army Science Conference, Natick. 

Let us take the case of infrared color film. On the plates, the healthy vegetation shows up red, but objects with the same shade of green as neighboring plants appear to be blue, whence the name photo-camouflage given to this simple technique during the Second World War. 

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