Calcium staining

Cooling water was used to cool hot aluminum. Calcium carbonate spotting had occurred at alkaline pH. After reducing pH, the staining problem disappeared, but corrosion increased substantially. 

External coil problems White calcium carbonate CaC03 Phosphate scale from threshold agents. Blue/green/black copper phosphate trihydrate Cu3(P04)2 3H20 Dirt pockets due to low level of coil. BW sludgei settles on external fins. Gasket weeping from inhibitor. Color stains from inhibitor dyes. 

Red 2G (E 128, Cl Food Red 10, Azogeranine) is a mono azo dye, 8-acetamido-l-hydroxy-2-phenylazo-3,6-naphthalenedisulfonate. The calcium and potassium salts are also permitted. Red 2G is a red powder or granules, soluble in water, sparingly soluble in ethanol. The absorption maximum is 532 nm in water, E, " = 620. It is not permitted as food colorant in the US. It can be used as a dye for inks, paper, fabrics, and histology stains. " ... 

Analysis of the lanthanide-induced crystalline arrays by negative staining (Fig. 5) or freeze-fracture electron microscopy reveals obliquely oriented rows of particles, corresponding to individual Ca -ATPase molecules [119]. The unit cell dimensions for the gadolinium-induced Ca -ATPase crystals are a = 6. l A, b = 54.4 A and y = 111°. Similar cell constants were obtained for the crystals induced by lanthanum, praseodymium and calcium. The unit cell dimensions of the Ei crystals are consistent with a single Ca -ATPase monomer per unit cell. The space group of the Eptype crystals is PI [119], while that of the E2 crystals is P2 [88,90]. 

Doxycycline 100 mg twice daily Avoid in children under 8 years Can cause photosensitivity, gastrointestinal problems, tooth staining in young children many drug-drug interactions (antacids, iron, calcium)... 

Marble. The word marble is used as the common name for two types of monomineral rocks one derived from limestone and therefore composed of calcium carbonate, the other derived from dolomite and composed of calcium magnesium carbonate. Extremely high pressures and heat during past geological times modified the structure of both limestone and dolomite, compacting them into a characteristic crystal structure. Most marble is white however, minor and trace amounts of metallic impurities cause the formation of stains in a variety of colors, hues, and patterns, or of colored marble. 

Vinegar is recommended for cleaning a variety of appliances and other items that may be stained by hard water deposits. Automatic coffee makers, steam irons, dishwashers, teapots, faucet heads, and shower heads — over time, all accumulate calcium deposits from hard water. Groundwater, that is, water that travels through soil and rocks, accumulates dissolved calcium ions as a consequence of the natural weathering of minerals that contain calcium such as limestone and calcite, shells, and coral. At the same time, carbon dioxide in the air dissolves in water to form carbonate ions that combine with calcium ions to form a white solid, calcium... 

Draget KI, Myhre S, Ostgaard K. Plant protoplast immobilized in calcium alginate. A simple method of preparing fragile cells for transmission electron microscopy. Stain Technol 1988 63 159-163. 

Choose acidic formulations for products designed to dissolve soap scum, hard water spots, stains, rust, or encrustations that are mainly calcium or magnesium salts [10]. 

Vitamin D deficiency may also occur through inadequate dietary intake, gut (poor absorption), renal disease (1-hydroxylase deficiency or failure to reclaim calcium from the glomerular filtrate), or liver disease (25-hydroxylase deficiency). The slightly low haemoglobin concentration and pale stained (hypochromic) red cells suggested a coincident mild iron deficiency. 

A UV laser is needed for exciting the blue-fluorescing agents, 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenyhndole (DAPI) and Hoechst 33342, which are DNA-intercalating stains, and for indo-1, a fluorescent calcium chelator dye. Violet diode lasers that are offered in some newer instruments accommodate fluorochromes such as Cascade Blue, Pacific Blue, and cyan fluorescent protein, and are also capable of exciting DAPI (Shapiro and Perlmutter 2001 Telford et al., 2003). 

Potassium oxalate, along with calcium oxalate, is found in leaves and roots of certain plants. It is used for cleaning and bleaching straw and for removing stains. It also is used in photography, in clinical tests, as a secondary pH standard, and in wet chemical analysis. The analytical apphcation involves standardization of many oxidizing agents in titrimetric analysis. 

Fig. lc. Electronmicrograph of isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes loaded with calcium oxalate46. The preparation was negatively stained with potassium phosphotungstate. Size and shape of the calcium oxalate precipitates differ considerably. Fine particles which are present on the surface of most vesicles are clearly visible. In all pictures the length of the bars measures 0.1 pm... 

Cypros Pharm. Corp. describes the use of polyguanidino derivatives as presynaptic N- and P/Q-type calcium channel blockers for i.v. (or i.c.v.) administration (Marangos et al. (Cypros Pharmaceutical Corp.), W09836743). Compound 5 was administered to gerbils (7.5 mg/kg i.v.) prior to bilateral carotid occlusion. After 72 h the animals were sacrificed. Brains were perfusion-fixed and sections were stained to enable quantitative cell counts of live and dead neurons. The number of damaged neurons in the subiculum was 91.5 compared to 214 for a control treated with saline. It has been claimed that this compound can be used for the treatment of neuropathic pain and for the protection of neurons from excitatory damage under conditions of cerebral hypoxia. 

By treatment with calcium or sodium hypochlorite solution, which dissolves arsenic stains readily, whereas antimony is dissolved only after a long time. 

El Khoury A, Petterson U, Kallner G, Aberg-Wistedt A, Stain-Malmgren R. Calcium homeostasis in long-term lithium-treated women with bipolar affective disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2002 26(6) 1063-9. 

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