C thermometer

The calcite- Graphite coexists with calcite in a wide variety of metamorphic rocks and is graphite potentially a useful thermometer at temperatures above 600 °C. There are three 

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In situ iithiodibromomethane preparation/addition. An oven-dried, 2-L, round-bottomed flask with three vertical necks, containing 20.0 g (0.100 mol) of ethyl 1-naphthoate (Note 4), is equipped with a 2-1/2 x 3/4-inch, egg-shaped magnetic stirring bar (Note 5), a -100°C to +50°C thermometer (Note 6) and a rubber septum. 

The whole unit is accommodated in a fume cupboard fitted with a scrubber unit to remove the acidic fumes before emission to the atmosphere. The constructional materials of the fume cupboard should be able to withstand the heat radiated from the hotplate and heating blocks. A digestion tube containing a 350°C thermometer with the bulb embedded in a 2-cm layer of sand occupies one hole in each block. The hotplate can be connected to the power source via a time-switch, which can be set to come on approximately 1 hour before commencement of work this saves valuable time lost waiting for it to warm up. 

Fig. 2. First distillation assembly (A) 3-L reaction flask, (B) 15-in Vigreaux column, (C) 24/40 distillation head with 150 °C thermometer, (D) water-cooled condenser, (E) to glass tee, which is also connected to an N2 source and a mineral oil bubbler, (F) 200-mL Schlenk receiver flask.

Fig. 6.1 Two-electrode assembly (A) platinum wire (B) mercury-filled glass tube (C) thermometer adapter, 10/18 standard taper joint, Teflon (D) platinum electrodes 25 mm x 30 mm. Reprinted with permission [20],...

A schematic view of a microdielectrometer sensor is shown in Fig. 8 and illustrates the electrode array, the field-effect transistors and a silicon diode temperature indicator 15) which functions as a moderate accuracy ( 2 °C) thermometer between room temperature and 250 °C. The sensor is used either by placing a small sample of resin over the electrodes, or by embedding the sensor in a reaction vessel or laminate. Since all dielectric and conductivity properties are temperature dependent, the ability to make a temperature measurement at the same point as the dielectric measurement is a useful feature of this technique. 

These two thermometers measure the same temperature. Thermometer A is calibrated into divisions of 0.1°C. Thermometer B is calibrated into divisions of 1°C. Which thermometer lets you make more precise measurements Which digits in each thermometer reading are you certain about Which digits are you uncertain about ... 

He bought a 100°C thermometer which covers a temperature range of 100°C. 

Polarimeter, with one or more optical cells (complete with windows, caps, and Teflon or neoprene washers) constant-temperature control for range 10 to 50°C pycnometer 25-mL pipette for filling the pycnometer and a small pipette for filling the cell rubber bulb for pipetting 0 to 50°C thermometer 250-mL beaker gum-rubber tubing lint-free tissues for wiping cell windows 50-mL polyethylene bottles for PEG solution and excess solvent. 

FT-NMR spectrometer, with 10- or 15-mm-diameter probe capability if possible gas NMR tube with concentric Teflon valve (e.g., J. Young NMR-10) 1-L reaction flask with greaseless stopcock 0- to 1-bar pressure gauge vacuum line Ultra-Torr fittings microsyringes hot plate and oil bath with 0 to 200°C thermometer liquid N2 and ice baths benzoyl chloride and bromide, D2O (95 percent) fume hood. 

Figure 4.1. Main parts of the calorimeter. A — calorimetric vessel, B — calorimetric cover, C — thermometer,...

A Entry of spinning solution B Outlet for current of air C Thermometers D Filaments of rayon E Hot water jacket... 

A IL three-necked flask fitted with a magnetic stirring bar is assembled with a septum inlet, a -100 °C thermometer, and an outlet to which a nitrogen inlet and an oil bubbler are connected. Charge the flask with KO Bu (48.0 g, 425 mmol) and THF (350 mL). The flask is cooled with a dry ice-acetone bath. By means of a cannula and nitrogen pressure, rra 5-2-butene (42 mL. 450 mmol), which is collected in a rubber stoppered 25 mL graduated cylinder immersed in a dry ice-acetone bath, is added. A solution of n-BuLi in hexane (2.5 M, 170 mL. 425 mmoL) is added dropwise at a rate such that the internal temperature does not rise above -65 °C (ca. 2 h). The reaction mixture is warmed until the temperature reaches -50 °C and is stirred for exactly 15 min at -50 °C, and is then recooled to 78 °C. 

Fig. 33. Schematic representation of pumped-recirculating flow system employed by Matsuda and co-workers (from ref. 104). A, Channel electrode cell B, flow meter C, thermometer D, solution reservoir E, thermostat F, degas inlet G, degas outlet H, pump.

Add a broken glass boiling chip, 25 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid and 10 ml of concentrated nitric acid. Insert a 500°C thermometer and cover the beaker with a watch glass. Place on a room temperature hot plate and slowly increase the temperature until fumes of nitrogen dioxide appear. Maintain the temperature at about 200°C and add 5-ml increments of concentrated nitric acid with sufficient frequency to produce nitrogen dioxide fumes at a steady rate. 

Accuracy. Mercury-in-glass thermometers are relatively inexpensive and can be obtained in a wide variety of accuracy and temperature ranges. For example, between 0 and 100°C, thermometers with a 0.1°C graduation interval are readily available. Factors that affect the accuracy of the thermometer reading include changes in volume of the glass bulb under thermal stress, pressure effects, and response lag. With proper calibration by NIST [9,10] or traceable to NIST, an accuracy of from 0.01 to 0.03°C can be achieved. Table 16.5 summarizes... 

Figure 6.15. Single-crystal growth cell a) complete circuit, b) the cell A, solution reservoir B, thermostat bath C, thermometer D, flow meter E, cell F, pump. After Mullin and Amatavivadhana, 1967 Mullin and Garside, 1967)...

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