Butter yellow

Butter Yellow, 29 Butyl acetates, 29 Butyl acid phosphate, 29 Butyl acrylate, 29 Butyl alcohols, 29 Butyl amines, 29 Butylate, 30... 

Butter-amylester, tn. amyl butyrate, -ather, tn. butyric ether (ethyl butyrate), -baum, tn. shea tree, -blume, /. buttercup, -farbe, /. butter color, -fass, n. churn, -fett, n. butter fat butyrin. -gMrung, /. butyric fermentation. -gelb, n. butter yellow. 

Similar processes occur with azo compounds [10]. trans-Dimethylaminoazobenzene (butter yellow) yields some of the cis isomer on irradiation with long-wavelength UV light and this possesses a lower hRf than the trans compound on rechromatographing with the same mobile phase using the two-dimensional SRS technique (Fig. 17). IR and MS measurements were used to confirm that no oxygen had been incorporated into the molecule. 

F, F2 = mobile phase front after development in the first and in the second dimension a, b, c = positions of application of the t/nns-butter yellow before the first (ID) and hefore the second development (2D) - = cis-butter yellow, =//ons-butter yellow, O = position of the trans-butter yellow after the first development. Irradiation of the chromatogram with long-wavelength UV light after application of fntns-butter yellow to position b after the first development (position c was not irradiated ). In contrast to Figure 16 the photochemically produced reaction product lies below the starting compound. 

Fig. 17 Detection of the photochemical cis/trans isomerization of butter yellow after UV irra( tion by using the SRS technique (A) original chromatogram - treated with hydrochloric t vapor for better recognition (yellow then turns red) — and (B) schematic representation.

Bromophenylazo)-2/-toluene, 309 (2-BromophenyI)-iVM7-azoxy (2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzene), 358 p-Bromophenylurea, 138-139 Bromopropadiene, 17 2,3-Butadienoic add, 16 iV-l-Butenylpiperazine, 92 Butter yellow, hazard of, 291 f-Butylamine, oxidation of, 323 -Butyl azide, 269 f-Butyl-OlW-azoxymethane, 349 t-Butyl p-Bromophenylazoformate, 328 t-Butyl 2-(p-bromophenyl)carbazate, 328 H-Butyl carbamate, 238-239 t-Butyl carbamate, 241-243... 

CAUTION Derivatives of p-dimethylaminoazo benzene (DMAB, butter yellow) are known carcinogens [lb, c]. Other azo compounds, especially aromatic azo compounds, should be handled with great caution. 

The alumina or silica-alumina supports used in bifunctional catalysts have been shown to be acidic in nature. The acidic properties are readily demonstrated by the affinity of these solids for adsorption of basic compounds such as ammonia, trimethylamine, re-butylamine, pyridine, and quinoline (01, R5). Furthermore, adsorption of certain acid-base indicators such as butter yellow gives a coloration similar to that observed in acid media (B3, B4). With regard to the origin of the acidity, Tamele (Tl) has suggested in the case of silica-alumina that aluminum atoms replace silicon atoms in the surface of the silica structure, giving rise to surface sites of the form... 

The product once was used to color edible fats and therefore was known as Butter Yellow, but its use to color food is prohibited because it is reported to be a potent liver carcinogen for rats. 

Colouring Matters.—In Italy butter may be coloured, but not with certain prohibited colouring matters, such as Martius yellow, Victoria yellow and metanil yellow. As a rule annatto is used, but sometimes also saffron or turmeric, and rarely carotin coal-tar colours (aniline yellow, butter yellow) are also employed. 

Diamino-3,3 -dichlorobiphenylt 4,4 -Diamino-3,3 -dimethylbiphenylt 4,4 -Diamino-3,3 -dimethoxybiphenylt (dianisidines)t Dimethylaminoazobenzene (Butter Yellow)... 

N,N-Dimethyl-4-(phenylazo)benzenimine, butter yellow, methyl yellow, solvent yellow 2, Cl 11020. 

Anhydrous magnesium chloride melts at 712° to a clear, mobile liquid, which attacks fused silica. Pyrex is somewhat more resistant. The salt has been described as butter-yellow in color, but the present method gives a colorless product. The crystals are soft and highly deliquescent in moist air. The compound gives a clear solution in water with the evolution of much heat and forms etherates and alcoholates. 

Prostaglandin synthetase, peroxidase or lipid peroxidation have been shown to oxidise arylamine xenobiotics to reactive species that bind extensively to DNA. The binding could be an initial event in the toxic or carcinogenic process. Evidence is presented that cation radicals are involved in the formation of the various oxidation products and DNA adduct formation with the carcinogen aminofluorene. Furthermore methylaminoazobenzene (butter yellow) was found to form the same major GSH adduct as is formed in vivo. 

Malathion, trichlorophen, Dichlorvos Silica gel Chloroform G ethyl acetate containing (9 1) silver nitrate or in the case Extracted from water with chloroform. Rf. Trichloronhon Spray with butter yellow then expose to UV Malathion exposure to bromine vapour 1-2 Mg [82]... 

Cut ca 0.5g of sample in very thin slices (shavings), place them in a small beaker and add a few mis of distd w contg 3—4 drops of 0.2% ale soln of p-dimethylamino-azobenzene( butter yellow ), (CH,)jN-C,H N N C,Hs ( serving as an indicator. 

Early in the twentieth century a very hazardous chemical was used as a food colourant 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, so-called butter yellow , was a yellow azo dye used in some countries to colour butter, before extensive testing was required. When it was studied in 1947, the dye was shown to be a potent carcinogen capable of causing liver tumours in experimental animals, and it was rapidly withdrawn. Fortunately, the treatment of food with additives, which has now become more extensive, is now safe. 

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