Butanol, adsorption

In this paper we report the sorption of tert-butyl alcohol and n-butyl alcohol on phenyl-modified porous silica. Butanol adsorption is of interest for two reasons. The first is that by... 

Zhang Z, Bondarchuk O, Kay BD, White JM, Dohnalek Z (2007) Direct visualization of 2-butanol adsorption and dissociation on TiOj(llO). J Phys Chem C 111 3021... 

Solution adsorption studies also deserve to be set apart. A start was made in 1956 by following 1-butanol adsorption out of water onto Graphon by heat of immersion measurements [31]. A model of preferential adsorption of the butanol, plus the measured adsorption isotherm and measured heat effects due to wetting of the adsorbed film at various pertinent concentrations, allowed the heats of immersion to be calculated. Interaction between molecules in the adsorbed film were taken to be the same as in the bulk solution. The calculated values were in excellent agreement with the experimental heats of immersion, as illustrated in Figure 7. No further studies of this kind have been performed on other fimctional groups, different chain lengths, or other molecular structures. 

Fio. 12. Theoretical and experimental curves for butanol adsorption on mercury as a function of potential 11). 

Prepare a plot of butanol adsorption versus activity. What is the area per butanol molecule adsorbed at surface saturation ... 

For example, the addition of 1 pi quantities of pure n-butyl alcohol to 150 pi of water placed in the cell produces heat effects shown in Figure 7. The heats of mixing decrease to a value close to zero as the saturation concentration of n-butanol in water (7 percent by weight at 25 C) is approached. Additions of 1 percent n-butanol solutions to water produce no measurable heat of mixing effects and can, therefore, be ignored when the heat of n-butanol adsorption is measured from its 1 percent solution in water is measured on various hydrophobic adsorbents. 

H-Mordenite gives the highest heat of adsorption mainly due to the low estimate of its surface area by n-butanol adsorption which does not displace the water in its micropores. The displacement is apparently achieved by the NH4+ ions. Otherwise, the pillared clay gives high values followed by kaolinite and the Linde sieve in its Ca form. 

The structure and the sorption properties of partially hydrophobized silicates (do-decylammonium and dodecyldiammonium vermiculites) were investigated in aqueous solutions of n-butanol. The alcohol is preferentially adsorbed on the surface. The interlayer composition is calculated from adsorption and X-ray diffraction data. In the air-dried state the organic cations lie flat on the interlamellar surface. In aqueous n-butanol solutions, the basal spacing of dodecylammonium vermiculite gradually increases with the extent of n-butanol adsorption because the chains increasingly point away from the surface. The basal spacing of dodecyldiammonium vermicuiite is virtually independent of the interlayer composition, because the expansion of the interlayer space is sterically restricted and a... 

Figure 5. Effect of water on tert-butanol adsorption...

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