Buildings textiles

In the case of building textiles - as in other technical textile applications - a detailed specification sheet must be drawn up and a selection made from a variety of materials, properties and prices. The relevant properties are ... 

Key words textile membranes, building textiles, barrier function, coatings. 

With increasing emphasis being placed by various governmental bodies on the use of flame retardant materials in the building, textile and automotive industries, the subject of flame retardance is assuming increasing importance in the plastics industry. Much legislation already exists more may be expected to follow. 

Acrylonitrile (AN), C H N, first became an important polymeric building block in the 1940s. Although it had been discovered in 1893 (1), its unique properties were not realized until the development of nitrile mbbers during World War II (see Elastomers, synthetic, nitrile rubber) and the discovery of solvents for the homopolymer with resultant fiber appHcations (see Fibers, acrylic) for textiles and carbon fibers. As a comonomer, acrylonitrile (qv) contributes hardness, rigidity, solvent and light resistance, gas impermeabiUty, and the abiUty to orient. These properties have led to many copolymer apphcation developments since 1950. 

Sodium bifluoride, by itself or ia conjunction with other materials, is a good laundry sour because, ia the concentrations used, it does not create a pH below 4.0 and thus causes no damage to textile fibers, although it removes iron stains. Leather (qv) bleaching and cleaning of stone and brick building faces are other uses for this material (3). 

Urea. Urea (carbamide) CH4N2O, is the most important building block for amino resins because urea—formaldehyde is the largest selling amino resin, and urea is the raw material for melamine, the amino compound used in the next largest selling type of amino resin. Urea is also used to make a variety of other amino compounds, such as ethyleneurea, and other cyclic derivatives used for amino resins for treating textiles. They are discussed later. 

Acrylic Plastics 1931 G P P F-P F-P Injection, compression, extrusion or blow molded Lenses, aircraft and building glazing, lighting fixtures, coatings, textile fibers... 

The building is an industrial laundry with high thermal loads, ventilated naturally or by hybrid ventilation. The laundry cleans, among other things, hospital textiles thus, high hygienic standards are required Three different levels of internal thermal loads were assumed (60, 100, 160 W/m i for the sirnularitins. 

Since it possesses good properties of both PVC plastics and polyurethane elastomers, it has been used in those areas where PVC and polyurethane have traditionally played dominant roles. For example, it is a very promising replacement for flexible PVC used for medical purposes and in the food industry [I6,l7], because it essentially eliminates the concern regarding plasticizer contamination. It has been used in combination with the copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile (NBR) to make the abrasion-resistant aprons and rolls used on textile machines [18]. A PVC/TPU/ABS blend serves as a substitute for leather [19]. This could have a tremendous impact on the shoe industry. It has also been found to have an application as a building coating [20,21]. This trend will certainly grow and more applications will be found. This in turn should bring new developments in the material itself. 

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