Brilliant Scarlet

Kermisic Acid. Many accounts claim that kermisic acid [476-35-7] (Cl Natural Red 3 Cl 75460) is the oldest dyestuff ever recorded (23). The name kermes is derived from an Armenian word meaning Httle worm for which the later Latin equivalent was vermiculus, the basis of the Knglish word Vermillion. The dye was obtained from an oriental shield louse, K. ilicis which infest the holm o5kQuercus ilex and the shmb oak. coccifera. The dye produces a brilliant scarlet color with an alum mordant. Although expensive, it was cheaper than its rival Tyrian Purple. It was in great demand until the sixteenth century when it was displaced by carminic acid. 

An anecdote illustrates Tishler s drive. The total synthesis of cortisone, as devised by Lewis Sarrett, comprised approximately 30 steps and required weeks of intense and painstaking effort. Max was in charge of the first commercial production of cortisone in the pilot plant. One of the final steps is the isomerisation of a double bond into conjugation with the 3-ketone function with the formation of a 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, causing the development of a brilliant, scarlet color. Tishler was inspecting the first production run. To his horror, he spotted a bright-red liquid leaking near the vessel. "I hope that s blood ", he exclaimed. Actually, Max was very concerned for individuals, beneath a rather formidable exterior. 

SYNS BRIGHT RED BRILLIANT RED BRILLIANT SCARLET BRILLIANT TONER Z BRONZE RED RO... 

SYNS ACIDAL BRIGHT PONCEAU 3R ACID BRILLIANT SCARLET 3R ACID PONCEAU 4R ACID RED 18 ACID SCARLET 3R ACILAN SCARLET V3R AIZEN BRILLIANT SCARLET 3RH ATL L ACID SCARLET 3R BRILLIANT PONCEAU 3R BRILLIANT SCARLET BUCACID BRILLIANT SCARLET 3R CALCOCID BRILLIANT SCARLET 3RN CERTICOL PONCEAU 4RS CERA N KOSENILOVA A CILEFA... 

PONCRAU 4R PONCEAU 4R ALUMINUM LAKE PONTACYL SCARLET RR PURPLE RED ROUGE de COCHENILLE A SAN-EI BRILLIANT SCARLET 3R STRAMEERRY RED A GEIGY SYMULON ACID BRILLIANT SCARLET 3R TARAOKA BRILLIANT SCARLET 3R VICTORIA SCARLET 3R... 

Compound 6-XXVII can be obtained from xylene, toluene or benzene as superb, long, very dark blue-black needles with metallic lustre . A brilliant scarlet form can be obtained from polar solvents such as acetic acid, DMF or DMSO. The black form can be converted to the red form both photophysically and thermally (abruptly at 139-142°C) (Begley et al. 1981). The two structures are shown in Fig. 6.14. In the black form, the molecules form infinite stacks ( in the manner of roof tiles ) in the ac plane with intermolecular contacts of 3.31 A which the authors attribute to charge-transfer interactions. The stacking is absent in the scarlet form, and the molecular conformation is considerably more non-planar, making this pair of structures also conformational polymorphs. No mechanism for the conversion or colour difference has been proposed. 

Red maple (A. rubrum) is another widely distributed species, occurring over much of eastern North America, from northern Ontario to southern Florida. The habitat of red maple is highly varied, ranging from flooded swamps to dry hills and rocky slopes. The foliage of this species turns a brilliant scarlet in the autumn. The natural distribuficn of the silver maple A. saccharinum) is largely restricted to swamps and floodplains. 

The scarlet elf cup (Sarcoscypha coccinea) is a lovely mushroom, with a deeply concave cup, that is white on the exterior, and a brilliant scarlet on the interior. This species occurs on rotting sticks and small logs in forests in the springtime. 

Thallium diethyl o-nitrophenoxide softens at 200° C. and melts with decomposition at 210° C., crystallises from water in brilliant scarlet plates which are soluble in cold alcohol, ether, chloroform, acetone, or boiling toluene, and are insoluble in light petroleum. 

Sweet gums are native deciduous trees bearing alternate, star-shaped leaves that turn brilliant scarlet in autumn. While a handsome tree for the large lawn, sweet gum is intolerant of air pollution and is a poor choice for urban sites. 

Louise scanned the far end of the hangar. Duchess was shining directly through the wide-open doors, producing a brilliant scarlet rectangle set amid the funereal metal cavern. A blank, black human figure was silhouetted in the exact centre. It raised its arm, pointing. 

Manuf./Distrib. Sinochem Jiangsu Wuxi http //www.sinochemwuxi.com, Tianjin Tech. Ind. http //www.ttigco.com Trade Name Synonyms Indofast Brilliant Scarlet R-6500 t[Bayer/lndustrial Chems., http //www.bayerus.com]... 

The pigment was apparently first made in 1814 by the French chemist Vauquelin by grinding together mercury and iodine. Iodine scarlet mentioned by Merimee (1830), who pointed out it was sold in England as scarlet lake, although Field (1835) states that this is based on cochineal and Vermillion, and calls mercury iodide, iodine scarlet. Martel (1860) refers to it as scarlet, Salter (1869), Scott Taylor (1885) and Seward (1889) as pure scarlet, and Reeves Son sold it as royal scarlet in the later nineteenfri century. Heaton (1928) calls this brilliant scarlet. Salter also mentions a pink form, pink scarlet. It was apparently used almost exclusively for watercolour (cf. Carlyle, 2001). 

Mercury group Brilliant scarlet-, Iodine pint, Iodine scarlet. Pure scarlet. Scarlet, Scarlet lake... 

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