Brantley

Brantley, eds). Reviews in Mineralogy 31, pp. 291-351. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC. 

Brantley, S. L. and Chen, Y. (1995). Chemical weathering rates of pyroxenes and amphiboles. In Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals" (A. F. White and S. L. Brantley, eds), Mineralogical Society of America Washington, EXT, Reviews in Mineralogy 31,119-172. 

Donahoe RM, Byrd LD, McClure HM, Fultz P, Brantley M, MarsteUer F, Ansari AA, Wenzel D, Aceto M (1993) Consequences of opiate-dependency in a monkey model of AIDS. Adv Exp Med Biol 335(21-8) 21-28... 

Fluoride is found in some zinc phosphate cements, generally as stannous fluoride. The cements are weaker and have less resistance to dissolution than normal zinc phosphate cements (Myers, Drake Brantley, 1978 Williams et al., 1979). They release fluoride over a long period (de Freitas,... 

Myers, C. L., Drake, J. T. Brantley, W. A. (1978). A comparison of properties for zinc phosphate cements mixed on room temperature and frozen slabs. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 40, 409-12. 

Sano and Williams (1996) calculated present-day volcanic carbon flux from subduction zones to be 3.1 x 10 mol/year based on He and C isotopes and C02/ He ratios of volcanic gases and fumaroles in circum-Pacific volcanic regions. Williams et al. (1992) and Brantley and Koepenich (1995) reported that the global CO2 flux by subaerial volcanoes is (0.5-2.0) x lO mol/m.y. and (2-3) x 10 mol/m.y. (maximum value), respectively. Le Guern (1982) has compiled several measurements from terrestrial individual volcanoes to derive a CO2 flux of ca. 2 x 10 mol/m.y. Le Cloarec and Marty (1991) and Marty and Jambon (1987) estimated a volcanic gas carbon flux of 3.3 X 10 mol/m.y. based on C/S ratio of volcanic gas and sulfur flux. Gerlach (1991) estimated about 1.8 x 10 mol/m.y. based on an extrapolation of measured flux. Thus, from previous estimates it is considered that the volcanic gas carbon flux from subduction zones is similar to or lower than that of hydrothermal solution from back-arc basins. 

Brantley, S.L. and Koepenich, K.W. (1995) Measured carbon dioxide emissions from Oldoinyo Lengai and the skewed distribution of passive volcanic fluxes. Geology, 23, 933-936. 

S. E. Cook and R. G. V. Brantley, Precision agriculture—opportunities, benefits and pitfalls of site-specific crop management in Australia. Aust. J. E.rp. Aftric. 38 753 (1998). 

ATSDR. 1990a. Preliminary health assessment for Brantley Landfill, Island, Kentucky, Region 4, CERCLIS no. KYD980501013. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA. PB90-241944. 

Zimmerman AR, Goyne KW, Chorover J, Komameni S, Brantley SL (2004b) Mineral mesopore effects on nitrogenous organic matter adsorption. Organic Geochem 35 355-375... 

Many minerals have been found to dissolve and precipitate in nature at dramatically different rates than they do in laboratory experiments. As first pointed out by Paces (1983) and confirmed by subsequent studies, for example, albite weathers in the field much more slowly than predicted on the basis of reaction rates measured in the laboratory. The discrepancy can be as large as four orders of magnitude (Brantley, 1992, and references therein). As we calculate in Chapter 26, furthermore, the measured reaction kinetics of quartz (SiC>2) suggest that water should quickly reach equilibrium with this mineral, even at low temperatures. Equilibrium between groundwater and quartz, however, is seldom observed, even in aquifers composed largely of quartz sand. 

There are other important factors beyond the state of the surface that may lead to discrepancies between laboratory and field studies. Measurement error in the laboratory, first of all, is considerable. Brantley (1992) notes that rate constants determined by different laboratories generally agree to within only a factor of about 30. Agreement to better than a factor of 5, she reasons, might not be an attainable goal. 

Brantley, S. L., 1992, Kinetics of dissolution and precipitation - experimental and field results. In Y. K. Kharaka and A. S. Maest (eds.), Water-Rock Interaction. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 3-6. 

Brantley, S. L., D. A. Crerar, N.E. Mpllcr and J. H. Weare, 1984, Geochemistry of a modern marine evaporite, Bocana de Virrila, Peru. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 54,447-462. 

Davidson, S.F., S.K. Brantley, and S.K. Das. 1991. The effects of ultraviolet radiation on wound healing. Brit. Jour. Plastic Surgery 44 210-213. 

Rickard 1984 Compton Unwin 1990 Lebron 1996 Shiraki Brantley 1995) developed a precipitation rate equation for high salinity fluid in laboratory conditions at a temperature of 100°C using a reactor tank. This was modified through extrapolation to extend the application up to 300°C and currently used in the program code of FRACHEM (Andre et al. 2006). 

Shiraki, R. Brantley, S.L. 1995. Kinetics of near-equilibrium calcite precipitation at 100°C An evaluation of elementary reaction-based and affinity-based rate laws. Geochemica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59, 1457-1471. 

Blum, A.E. Stillings, L.L. 1995. Felsdpar dissolution kinetics. In White, A.F. Brantley, S.L. (ed.), Reviews in mineralogy, 31 Chemical weathering rates of silicate minerals, Mineralogical Society of America, USA, 291-352. 

Specific experimental run conditions and observations are described in Brantley et al. (16). In order to quantify the presence of... 

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