Boswellic acid

Isolation of 3-(9-Acetyl-ll-Hydroxy-p-Boswellic Acid (Compound 12) and 3-0-Acetyl-9,ll-Dehydro-(3-Boswellic... 

Apart from the use and need as fragrances, the resins are marketed for medicinal use as antiarthritic and antiinflammatory pharmaceutical products. The pharmacological effects are mainly attributed to the presence of the nonvolatile pen-tacyclic triterpenoid boswellic acids. This class of ingredients is not present in the actual valuable B. frereana species hence, B. frereana plays no part in the pharmaceutical area. 

The GC-MS data (Figure 16.11) of the violet zone of B. carterii revealed that the unchanged diterpenes (verticillatriene, cembrene A, and cembrene C) and the nortriterpenes with carbohydrate structure originated from the pyrolyzed triterpenes (Figure 16.12) of the a- and (3-boswellic acids, named 24-norursa-3,12-diene (compound 7), 24-norursa-3,9(ll),12-triene (compound 8), 24-noroleana-3,12-diene (compound 9), and 24-noroleana-3,9(ll),12-triene (compound 10). 

DETERMINATION OF TWO BOSWELLIC ACIDS AS MARKER OF ALTERATIONS DURING PROCESSING OF THE RESINS... 

Common pharmaceutical products of olibanum and salai guggul are tablets prepared from dried extracts of boswellic adds, which are obtained by processes involving treatment of the resins with alkali and acid. The stress involved in this treatment is expected to lead to alteration of some triterpenes as, e.g., the conversion of the unstable 3-(9-acetyl-ll-hydroxy-[3-boswellic acid (compound 12) to the stable compound 3-(9-acetyl-9,ll-dehydro-[3-boswellic acid (compound 13). Two-dimensional TLC is an excellent means of observing this conversion [5]. For verification of this process, the substances have to be isolated by PLC and identified by GC-MS. 

FIGURE 16.14 Structures of 3-0-acetyl-ll-hydroxy- 3-boswellic acid (compound 12) and 3-0-acetyl-9,ll-dehydro-P-boswellic acid (compound 13). 

Determination of the "Indicator" Boswellic Acids (Compound 12 and Compound 13)... 

Frankincense, also known as olibanum, is obtained from trees belonging to the genus Boswellia (Burseraceae family). It is one of the best-known ancient plant resins. The ancient Egyptians were the first to use it as incense in embalming practices and in the preparation of medicines, cosmetics and perfumes, and today it is still used therapeutically. It contains pentacyclic triterpenoids belonging to oleanane, ursane or lupane type molecules and in particular of a- and p-boswellic acids, and their O-acetates [104 111], 11 -Oxo-p-boswellic acid and its acetyl derivative, identified in several Boswellia species, are also diagnostic for frankincense [112]. 

The survival of a-boswellic acid, p-boswellic acid and their O-acetates, which have been isolated only from frankincense, has been demonstrated in archaeological samples [99,107,113]. These compounds are considered as very useful specific chemical markers for the identification of frankincense in resinous archaeological materials. 

R.S. Pardhy, S.C. Bhattacharyya, P Boswellic acid, acetyl P boswellic acid, acetyl 11 keto P boswellic acid and 11 keto P boswellic acid, four pentacyclic triterpene acids from the resin of Boswellia serrata Roxb, Indian Journal of Chemistry, 16B, 176 178 (1978). 

P.F. van Bergen, T.M. Peakman, E.C. Leigh Firbank, R.P. Evershed, Chemical evidence for archaeological frankincense boswellic acids and their derivatives in solvent soluble and insoluble fractions of resin like materials, Tetrahedron Letters, 38, 8409 8412 (1997). 

Figure 8.3 Mass spectra of (a) a boswellic acid, (b) (3 boswellic acid and (c,d) their O acetates in the form ofTMS derivatives... 

Some additional examples for automated LLE consist of ondansetron in human plasma,138 muraglitazar in human plasma,139 boswellic acids in brain tissue and plasma,140 dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, and guaifenesin in human plasma141, and dextromethorphan and dextrorphan in human plasma.142 Details are not discussed due to space considerations. 

Bose-Einstein condensation, 17 352 Bosons, 17 352 Boswellic acids, 24 557 Botox (Clostridium botulinum toxin type A), 2 816 Bottle centrifuge operation, 5 528-529 theory of performance, 5 507-508 Bottle polymerizatioi, 20 376 Bottles... 

Acetyl-11-keto-P-boswellic acid (AKBA) 196 Boswellia serrata resin 5LOX. HLA [93,153-155]... 

Boswelic acids are pentacyclic triterpenoids isolated from gum resin secreted by trees of Boswellia serrata Roxb. (Burseraceae). P-Boswelic acid... 

Ammon, H.P.T., Safayhi, H., Mack, T. and Sabieraj, J. (1 993) Mechanism of anti-inflammatory actions of cur-cumine and boswellic acids. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 38(2-3), 113-11 9. 

Borneol acetate 10.4t, 10.5t Bornyl acetate 10.4t, 10.5t Boswellic acid 13.4Ht Bougainmlka RIP-I 9.1A Bouvardin 9.2a Bowringia lectin 12.2A Bradykinin 5.7B Bran 14.2o Brassica DEF PI 13.5J... 

Preparations from the gum resin of Boswellia serrata have been used as traditional remedies in Ayurvedic medicine in India for inflammatory diseases (1). The gum contains substances that have anti-inflammatory properties they are pentacyclic triterpenes related to boswellic acid, which inhibit leukotriene biosjmthesis in neutrophilic granulocytes by inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase. Certain boswellic acids also inhibit elastase in leukocytes, inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and inhibit topoisome-rases in cancer cell lines. 

Ammon HP. Boswelliasauren (Inhaltsstoffe des Weihrauchs) als wirksame Prinzipien zur Behandlung chronisch entzundli-cher Erkrankungen. [Boswellic acids (components of frankincense) as the active principle in treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.] Wien Med Wochenschr 2002 152(15-16) 373-8. 

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