Blue Gene

Blue Genes and Polyester Plants 365 More Surprising Scientific Facts, Breakthroughs, and Discoveries... 

This computer, Blue Gene/L at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California, is one of the world s fastest computers and can perform simulations of many physical processes. (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)... 

In a few species, the B-ring hydroxylation pattern is thought to be fully or partially determined through the HCA-CoA ester used by CHS (see Section 3.4.1). However, most commonly hydroxylation at the C-3 and C-5 positions is determined at the C15 level by the activity of two P450s, the F3 H and F3, 5 H. Genes and cDNAs for both enzymes, sometimes informally referred to as the red and blue genes because of their impact on flower color, were first cloned and characterized from Petunia and subsequently from several other species (listed in Ref. 5). Based on sequence analysis, the F3 H and F3, 5 H proteins are 56 to 58 kDa in size. 

Apple computer releases laptops featuring 17- and 12-in. LCD screens Bandages are made from fibrinogen, a soluble protein found in blood The Blue Gene/L produced by IBM is able to perform 70.7 trillion calculations per second, making it the fastest computer in the world, to date Apple releases the iPod mini - the size of a business card, but able to hold 1,000 songs... 

Stahl SM. Blue genes and the mechanism of action of antidepressants. J Clin Psychiatry 2000 61 164-165. 

A mere 50 years ago computers were cumbersome. By the 1990s, they were powerful enough to be used in routine medical image analysis, and by 2000, IBM was announcing the construction of a powerful new class of supercomputer, Blue Gene, intended to overcome key problems in molecular medicine by running at petaflop speed of 1,000,000,000,000,000 or 1015 mathematical calculations per second. Another IBM machine, also with molecular and medical applications, recently broke that barrier first (see Chapter 10). 

It was clear that having information about the patient s DNA on the record could one day be vital to the selection of the correct drugs, for example, using the Blue Gene supercomputer to model patient protein-drug interactions in atomic detail. A demonstration was possible in 2000 on a much slower com-... 

IBM (Blue Gene project) 2000 Computational protein folding www.ibm.com/ news/1999/12/06. phtml... 

Blue Gene/L supercomputer The National Nuclear Security Administration s BlueGene/L supercomputer, built by IBM, performs at 280.6 trillion operations per second and is now the world s festest supercomputer. 

Roadrmmer The Roadrunner supercomputer, built by IBM and Los Alamos National Laboratory, can process more tban 1.026 quadrillion calculations per second. It works more than twice as fast as the Blue Gene/L supercomputer and is housed at Los Alamos in New Mexico. 

Acknowledgements Most QMC calculations have been done on the IBM Blue Gene of Forschungszentium Jiilich (Germany) within the DEISA project STOP-Qalm. CJU acknowledges support from NSF grant number CHE-1004603. 

Adams RD, Peppiatt NA (1974) Stress analysis of adhesive-bonded lap joints. J Strain Anal 9 185 Akiba H, Ohyama T et al (2006) Large scale drop impact analysis of mobile phone using ADVC on Blue Gene/L. Proc SC06. Tampa, USA, pp 1-26 Belingardi G, Goglio L et al (2005) Impact behaviour of bonded built-up beams experimental results. Int J Adhes Adhes 25 173... 

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