Blood related problems

Blood transfusion practice has changed markedly in recent years. At one time, units of whole blood were administered to patients with a variety of requirements stemming from different conditions. These conditions ranged from acute blood loss (hemorrhage, bleeding from injuries, etc.) to aplastic anemia, among other blood-related problems. 

Other problems with ion exchangers include coating of the resin beads or zeolite particles with suspended matter from turbid water (pretreatment with a coagulant may be necessary) or algal growths (chlorination of the water may be required). Zeolites may cause significant silica carryover and should not be used to treat boiler water for steam turbines. Finally, although Ca2+ and Mg2+ are objectionable in boiler or laundry operations, they are necessary nutrients in the human diet. Furthermore, excessive consumption of Na+ can contribute to hypertension and other blood circulatory problems. In Canada, for example, the incidence of heart disease and related health problems is lower in areas where the water supply is... 

Sibutramine (Meridia), a weight-loss drug introduced in 1998, inhibits the reuptake of the brain chemicals norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin, but does not promote monoamine release like the amphetamines. Yet the drug has been linked to serious side effects, including rapid heart rate, increased blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, seizure, and mental impairments. In March 2002, Italy s Health Ministry announced that it was immediately withdrawing all sibutramine products from the market due to health-related problems. Also, Meridia was the subject of a class action lawsuit filed in the United States. 

The lead (II) ion also is toxic to fishes and plants. In a recent report on lead poisoning, an adult was hospitalized due to severe anemia and other health-related problems. A high lead-blood concentration was found in all the family members. Subsequently, it was discovered that the family was eating flour contaminated with a high level of lead (38.7 mg/g). 

Schwarz K (1978) Significance and functions of silicon in warm-blooded animals. In Bendz G and Lindquist I, eds. Biochemistry of silicon and related problems, pp. 207-230. Plenum Press New York. 

An analysis of amphetamine and related compounds is easily achieved in standard solutions by derivativization to the A-trifluoroacetamide. The situation is much different in the world of real samples. Biological fluids are very complex mixtures of materials. In urine, such materials as amphetamine can be extracted, a derivative made, and the latter analyzed without much problem at high dilution in blood, the problem becomes more complicated. In this example, the following procedure yielded the highest recoveries (98%) at the 2.5 x 10" g/ml of blood level ... 

Medical devices such as ventilators, blood chemistry analyzers, patient monitors, infusion pumps, and kidney dialysis machines often have various types of user-interface design-related problems. These problems can negatively affect usability and appeal of a medical device. The following guidelines address these user-interface design problems, in turn reducing device user-interface-related errors [8]. 

MEAT FACTS AND MYTHS. Much has been spoken and written linking the consumption of meat to certain health related problems in humans, including heart disease, cancer, high blood pressure (hypertension), and harmful residues. A summary of four incorrect statements, along with the correct facts, follows ... 

CAUSES OF MINERAL DEFICIENCIES AND/OR TOXICITIES. Recently, there has been much speculation as to whether many people in the United States might have sub-clinical deficiencies of certain minerals. It has also been speculated that mild, but chronic, toxicities, due to excesses of certain nutrients, might contribute to the development of such disorders as atherosclerosis, diabetes, heart failure, high blood pressure, and kidney stones. These concerns prompt conjecture that our distant ancestors were also prone to similar diet-related problems. Hence, it is revealing to review certain aspects of man s early existence and to compare dietary factors of the past with those of the present... 

Approximately 180 trichothecenes are known. High moisture cereals are frequently contaminated with these toxins, considered as potent protein synthesis inhibitors and immune suppressors. Trichothecenes can produce the fatal syndrome named alimentary toxemia characterized by leucopenia (reduced white blood cell counts), multiple hemorrhages, loss of bone marrow, and esophageal cancer. In addition, the consumption of these toxins causes vomiting and reduces the efficiency of feed conversion in swine due to the considerably lower feed intake. In poultry, they cause hemorrhagic syndrome and other related problems that lower performance. 

---