Block copolymer templating

Figure 9.5. Mesoporous Ti02 films templated by the KLE block copolymer, (a) Scanning electron microscopy (T = 600 °C, i.e., above the crystallization temperature) and (b) Krypton physisorption of films heat-treated at 570 °C (filled circles) and 650 °C (triangles). It is seen that the porosity of films, prepared by the advanced block copolymer template, is still intact even after treatment at temperatures that convert the amorphous Ti02 matrix into the crystalline (anatase) one. The films were prepared based on the recipe in Ref. 80.

Smarsly, B. Grosso, D. Brezesinski, T. Pinna, N. Boissiere, C. Antonietti, M. Sanchez, C. 2004. Highly crystalline cubic mesoporous Ti02 with 10-nm pore diameter made with a new block copolymer template. Chem. Mater. 16 2948-2952. 

Yang, P. D. Zhao, D. Y. Margolese, D. I. Chmelka, B. F. Stucky, G. D. 1999. Block copolymer templating syntheses of mesoporous metal oxides with large ordering lengths and semicrystalline framework. Chem. Mater. 11 2813-2826. 

The nanoreplication of functional nanostructures has also been achieved through other block copolymer-templated structures. De Boer et al. [35] applied honeycomb-structured films of rod-coil block copolymer as patterned templates to replicate hexagonally packed arrays of aluminum cups on the substrate surfaces (Fig. 10b). Nguyen et al. [237] embedded semiconducting polymers in the channels of oriented hexagonal nanoporous silica and used this nanoscale architecture to control the energy transfer for potential optoelectronic applications. 

Alexandridis P, Sakai T (2005) Amphiphilic block copolymer-templated nanoparticle synthesis and stabilization. Abstracts of Papers, 229th ACS National Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, March 13-17, 2005, COLL-474... 

Gold nanoparticles coated by short thiol end functional polystyrene homopolymers (PS-SH) can be incorporated into a poly(styrene-fo-2-vinylpyridine) diblock copolymer template (PS-NP2VP). It has been found that the surface density of PS chains on the gold particles is critical in controlling their location in block copolymer templates [95]. 

TGA measurements for the alumina spheres show that the block copolymer templates can be removed between 150 to 350 °C and total weight loss is about 49 %. 

Soler-Illia GJdAA, Crepaldi EF, Grosso D, Sanchez C. Block copolymer-templated mesoporous oxides. Current Opinion in Colloid Interface Science. 2003 8(1) 109—126. 

Soler-Illia, G., Crepaldi, E. L., Grosso, D. and Sanchez, C. (2003). Block copolymer-templated mesoporous oxides. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 8(1), 109-126. 

P.D. Yang, D.Y. Zhao, D.I. Margolese, B.F. Chmelka, and G.D. Stucky, Block Copolymer Templating Syntheses of Mesoporous Metal Oxides with Large Ordering Lengths and Semicrystalline Framework. Chem. Mater., 1999, 11, 2813-2826. 

R. Ryoo, C.H. Ko, M. Kruk, V. Antochshuk, and M. Jaroniec, Block-copolymer-templated Ordered Mesoporous Silica Array of Uniform Mesopores or Mesopore-Micropore Network J. Phys. Chem. B, 2000, 104, 11465-11471. 

B. Smarsly, D. Grosso, T. Brezesinski, N. Pinna, C. Boissiere, M. Antonietti, and C. Sanchez, Highly Crystalline Cubic Mesoporous Ti02 with 10-nm Pore Diameter made with a New Block Copolymer Template. Chem. Mater., 2004, 16, 2948-2952. 

L.M. Wang, B.Z. Tian, H. Fan, X.Y. Liu, H.F. Yang, C.Z. Yu, B. Tu, and D.Y. Zhao, Block Copolymer Templating Synthese of Ordered Large-pore Stable Mesoporous Aluminophosphates and Fe-aluminophosphate Based on an Acid-Base Pair Route. Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 2004, 67, 123-133. 

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