Black head disease

Lutrizol . [BASF AG] Dimetridaztde, dimetridazoie HQ aedve ingredient for control of black head disease in turkeys. 

DIREKBUSARAKOM s, RUANGPAN L, EZURA Y and YOSHIMIZU M (1998), Protective efficacy of Clinacanthus nutans on yellow-head disease in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon) . Fish Pathol, 33(4), 410-404. 

The name of Dr Walter Reed is synonymous with self-experimentation. He was at the head of an American military medical team that went to Cuba in 1900 and proved through daring human experiments that mosquitoes were the vectors that transmitted yellow fever (now known to be a virus). However, in reality, the team actually confirmed findings made almost a century earlier by another self-experimenter that yellow fever was not a contagious disease. In 1800, an American, Dr Issac Cathrall, repeatedly placed black vomit from several yellow fever patients to his lips and tasted it. (Black vomit occurs in yellow fever victims by virtue of bleeding in their stomachs, and is subsequently expelled.) He did not become infected. A physician named Ffirth went five steps further in 1802, when he (1) inserted black vomit into his forearm (2) dropped black vomit into his eye (3) boiled black vomit and inhaled the gas and steam (4) swallowed black vomit taken directly from a patient and (5) prepared pills made from black vomit. 

Heads with black spots on surfoce. Cause Downy mildew. Control this fungal disease by spraying plants with a baking-soda-and-soap spray (1 teaspoon baking soda, 1 teaspoon liquid dish soap, 1 quart water) or copper at the first sign of disease. Repeat weekly if weather is wet. Prevent problems by planting Cloud Nine , which is somewhat tolerant of downy mildew. 

ANPONG u (1995), Effect of Phyllanthus spp. against yellow-head baculovirns infection in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. In Shariff M, Arthur JR, Sub-asinghe RP (eds.) Diseases in Asian Aquaculture II. Fish Health Section, Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, pp. 85-92. 

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