Bismuth therapeutic activity

Bismuth compounds were once employed for the treatment of amoebic dysentery, certain skin diseases, and several spirochetal diseases besides syphilis, but these substances are now seldom considered the dmgs of choice. Various insoluble preparations of bismuth, especially the subcarbonate, subnitrate, subgaHate, subcitrate, and subsahcylate, are stiU employed for the treatment of ulcers and other gastrointestinal disorders, even though use for these purposes is often supported largely by tradition. With a few possible exceptions, it is now difficult to justify the presence of bismuth compounds in a modem therapeutic armamentarium. A review of the biological activity of organobismuth compounds has been pubHshed (179). 

Finally, it is universally accepted at present that Helicobacter pylori infection has a definitive ethiological role in peptic ulcer disease, and that erradication therapy is warranted in these clinical scenarios. The majority of therapeutic trials have included the application of triple therapy with proton pump inhibitors or ranitidine bismuth citrate, clarithromycin and either amoxycillin or metronidazol and is to date the treatment of choice. However, recent studies have reported antibiotic resistance which can be one reason for failure of treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection [101-103], and new treatment strategies are therefore Wellcome. Flavonoids, in addition to their gastroprotective activity previously commented, have been also shown to inhibit Helicobacter pylori growth in vitro. In this way, Beil et al. [50]... 

Salt of Salicylic Acid. A large number of salts of salicylic acid have been prepared and evaluated for therapeutic or other commercial use. Sodium salicylate has analgesic, antiinflammatory, and antipyretic activities. Magnesium salicylate, an analgesic and antiinflammatory agent, appears to have exceptional ability to relieve backaches. It is also used for the symptomatic relief of arthritis. Bismuth subsalicylate is taken orally in combination with other ingredients for protective, antacid action as well as antidiaiiheal and antiseptic effects. 

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