Biphenyl hydroxylase activities

Weaver, D.E. and van Lier, R., Coupled P-cyclodextrin and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography for assessing biphenyl hydroxylase activity in hepatic 9000g supernatant, Anal. Biochem., 154, 590, 1986. 

Table V. Biphenyl Hydroxylase Activities in Liver Microsomes of Fiber-Fed Rats.

D.E. Weaver, and R.B.L. van Lier, Coupled P- Cyclodextrin and Reversed- Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography for Assessing Biphenyl Hydroxylase Activity in Hepatic 9000g Supernatant, Anal. Biochem., 5 9%6)A590. 

A cytochrome P450 has been purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae that has benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase activity (King et al. 1984), and metabolizes benzo[fl]pyrene to 3- and 9-hydroxybenzo[fl]pyrene and benzo[fl]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol (Wiseman and Woods 1979). The transformation of PAHs by Candida Upolytica produced predominantly monohydroxyl-ated products naphth-l-ol from naphthalene, 4-hydroxybiphenyl from biphenyl and 3- and 9-hydroxybenzo[fl]pyrene from benzo[fl]pyrene (Cerniglia and Crow 1981). The transformation of phenanthrene was demonstrated in a number of yeasts isolated from littoral sediments and of these, Trichosporumpenicillatum was the most active. In contrast, biotransformation of benz[fl]anthracene by Candida krusei and Rhodotorula minuta was much slower (MacGillivray and Shiaris 1993). 

Poland, A. and Glover, E. Chlorinated biphenyl induction of arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase activity A study of the structure-activity relationship. Mol. Pharmacol. (1977) 13 924-938. 

Ahmadizadeh M, Kuo C, Echt R, et al. 1984. Effect of polybrominated biphenyls, b-naphthoflavone and phenobarbital on arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase activities and chloroform-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in male C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice. Toxicology 31 343-352. 

Ah locus A gene(s) controlling the trait of responsiveness for induction of enzymes by aromatic hydrocarbons. In addition to aromatic hydrocarbons such as the polycyclics, the chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls, as well as the brominated biphenyls, are involved. This trait, originally defined by studies of induction of hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity following 3-methylcholanthrene treatment, is inherited by simple autosomal dominance in crosses and backcrosses between C57BL/6 (Ah-responsive) and DBA/2 (Ah-nonresponsive) mice. 

Choksi NY, Kodavanti PR, Tilson HA, et al. 1997. Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on brain tyrosine hydroxylase activity and dopamine synthesis in rats. Fundam Appl Toxicol 39(l) 76-80. 

McCormack KM, Melrose P, Rickert DE, et al. 1979. Concomitant dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyls Tissue distribution and arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in lactating rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 47 95-104. 

Benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase activities in hepatic and intestinal microsomes of fiber-fed rats are presented in Table VIII. There were no significant differences (0.05 level) among any of the purified fiber treatment groups in either liver or intestinal microsomes. Lab Chow-fed rats had the lowest liver microsomal benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase (AHH) level. The indication of enhanced intestinal P-448-dependent hydroxylation of biphenyl in the pectin-fed rats (seen as elevated 3-hydroxybiphenyl formation in microsomes, Table Vl) was not supported by these preliminary data. 

Walters JM, Cain RB, Corner EDS, Higgins IJ (1978) Cell-free benzpyrene hydroxylase activity in marine zooplankton. Proc Soc Gen Microbiol 5 68-69 Walters JM, Cain RB, Higgins IJ (1979a) Increased levels of 3,4-benzopyrene hydroxylase activity in marine zooplankton on exposure to hydrocarbons toxic effect of biphenyl. Proc Soc Gen Microbiol 6 38-39... 

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