Biota-sediment bioaccumulation factor

Table 10.3 Estimated Equilibrium (tf, ipw, A",lipoc) versus Measured Lipid-Normalized Bioaccumulation Factors BAFm) and Biota-Sediment Bioaccumulation Factors (BSAFilipoc) for Three PCB Congeners in Phytoplankton and Various Sediment-Dwelling Organisms in Western Lake Erie0...

Biota-Sediment Bioaccumulation Factor (BSAF and BSAF )... 

The biota-sediment bioaccumulation factor describes bioaccumulation in sediment dwelling organisms and fish relative to chemical concentrations in sediment. It is the ratio of chemical concentration in an organism to that in the sediments in which the organism resides. This ratio is usually expressed in one of two ways ... 

Evaluating Bioaccumulation Disequilibrium - Example Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factors... 

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Lee et al., 1993) designed Bedded Sediment Bioaccumulation tests to estimate the bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants by benthic organisms. The bioaccumulation potential of a chemical in sediment usually is expressed as a Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factor (BSAF). The simplest test determines the BSAF as the ratio of the steady-state chemical concentration in the test organism and the chemical concentration in the sediment. 

For example, when we are interested in the accumulation of SOCs in earthworms, we may adopt a similar approach as we used for sediment-dwelling organisms. Since earthworms have a significant lipid content (ca. 5%, Table 10.1) and we are interested in relatively hydrophobic substances, we use lipid- and organic carbon-normalized biota-soil accumulation partition coefficients CK, jpoC) and bioaccumulation factors (BSAFnipoc). These correspond exactly to the biota-sediment accumulation partition coefficients and factors defined by Eqs. 10-21 and 10-24 (for an application see Problem P 10.2),... 

Describe in words, the parameters (1) bioconcentration factor, (2) biomagnification factor, (3) biota-sediment- and biota-soil- accumulation factor, and (4) bioaccumulation factor. 

Schrock, M.E., E.S. Barrows, and L.B. Rosman. 1997. Biota-to-sediment accumulation factors for TCDD and TCDF in worms from 28 d bioaccumulation tests. Chemo-sphere 34 1333-1339. 

As noted above, the SQT originally focused on sediment chemistry, toxicity, and community structure. It has been expanded to include bioaccumulation, sediment stability, CBR and TIE analyses. Schmidt et al. (2002) have provided a means for inclusion of data on habitat. Habitat is a key factor controlling the distributions of biota, which has been implicitly but not explicitly considered to date in the SQT (e.g., via measurements of sediment grain size and TOC). Habitat should be explicitly considered as part of the SQT in future. 

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