Bioprocesses advanced control

This is particularly true in the case of bioprocesses where the state of the living part of the system must be closely monitored. Extensive surveys have been published and several international conferences have been held on this topic. Furthermore, the last two decades have seen an increasing interest to improve the operation of bioprocesses by applying advanced control schemes. In particular, biological Wastewater Treatment Processes (WWTP s), more efficient than the traditional physico-chemical methods but at the same time... 

To overcome these difficulties, various advanced control methods specialized in bioprocess control have been developed. 

For chemical processes (without cells) several advanced control strategies have been developed, some of which can be applied to bioprocesses and, especially, in animal cell cultures. Two of them are described below. 

Bioprocess Control An industrial fermenter is a fairly sophisticated device with control of temperature, aeration rate, and perhaps pH, concentration of dissolved oxygen, or some nutrient concentration. There has been a strong trend to automated data collection and analysis. Analog control is stiU very common, but when a computer is available for on-line data collec tion, it makes sense to use it for control as well. More elaborate measurements are performed with research bioreactors, but each new electrode or assay adds more work, additional costs, and potential headaches. Most of the functional relationships in biotechnology are nonlinear, but this may not hinder control when bioprocess operate over a narrow range of conditions. Furthermore, process control is far advanced beyond the days when the main tools for designing control systems were intended for linear systems. 

D. Dochain and M. Perrier. Advanced Instrumentation, Data Interpretation, and Control of Biotechnological Processes, chapter Monitoring and Adaptive Control of Bioprocesses, pages 347-400. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998. 

At BPEC, the Engineering Research Center of Excellence at MIT, advanced computer control of bioprocesses is being researched with an eye... 

Biocatalytic processes for the manufacturing of complex or sensitive molecules require highly selective separation and purification methods. The in situ separation of inhibitory or toxic byproducts or the shifting of unfavourable equilibria are additional aims of bioprocess control technologies. In situ product removal advances both the control of biocatalytic processes and the recovery of target molecules. 

Pease, M.D. Shriver-Lake, L.C. Ligler, F.S. In Recent Advances in Biosensors, Bioprocess Monitoring, and Bioprocess Control, K.R. Rogers, A. Mulchandani W. Zhou, Eds. ACS Symposium Series American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1995, (this vol). 

This volume presents a cross section of recent advances in the development of novel chemical and biochemical sensors for on-line monitoring and control applications in the environmental, clinical, and bioprocess areas. These chapters illustrate how many of the key challenges for continuous monitoring are being addressed. The methods discussed include optical techniques ranging from near-infrared spectroscopy to lifetime-based phase fluorometry biosensors ranging from optical immu-nosensors to enzyme-electrodes as well as electrochemical, acoustic, and plasmon resonance techniques. 

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