Biomass processing

Various processes can be used to produce energy or gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels from biomass and wastes. In addition, chemicals can be produced by a wide range of processing techniques. The following Hst summarizes the principal feed, process, and product variables considered in developing a synfuel-from-biomass process. 

Sustainable Hydrogen Production by Thermochemical Biomass Processing... 

Easy start-up and shutdown Good tolerance for fuel input particle size range High ash fuels can be accepted In-bed catalysts can be applied (tar cracking/gas upgrading) Thermodynamic losses limited Experience with biomass processing Carbon loss with ash... 

The rapid thermal processing (RTP) of the company Ensyn Group Inc., situated in Ottawa (Canada). Diverse working process plants for the production of biobased aromates are available of which the largest has a biomass processing capacity of 70 t/day. The heart of the process is a CFB reactor. 

The Biolig process of the research center Karlsruhe FZK, Germany. Here, flash pyrolysis, with emphasis on straw as feedstock, is tested to produce a bio-oil-char slurry. The pyrolysis reactor compares to the ER reactor (Lurgi-Ruhrgas) by which sand as heat carrier is mixed and transported together with biomass in a double (twin) screw feeder. A novel unit is constructed with a biomass processing capacity of 12 t/day. 

The biomass characteristics already described, namely 50% moisture content and heterogeneity, introduce many materials handling problems. The importance of scale should also be noted—the largest biomass processing plants are pulp mills of around 2000 ton/day of product or about 6000 t/day of dry feed stock. In electrical energy terms, the average Canadian pulp mill of 1200 t/day would correspond to an electrical station of 150 MWq (70-85% utilisation) or the production of about 1100... 

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