Bioluminescence test

But the most-used toxicity tests are based on bioluminescence inhibition, the responses of which are sometimes difficult to interpret particularly for waste-water quality monitoring. A comparison between a bioluminescence test kit (Microtox) and a respirometry approach for the toxicity study of seven organic and five inorganic toxic compounds was performed [54]. The bioluminescent response proved to have a higher sensitivity to toxicants but was less representative of the effects on activated sludge compared to respirometry, due to the nature of the microorganisms involved in each procedure. 

Ulitzur S, Barak M. 1988. Detection of genotoxicity of metallic compounds by bacterial bioluminescence test. Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 2 95-99. 

Ulitzur S. Bioluminescence test for genotoxic agents. Methods Enzymol. 1986 133 264-274. 

This dynamic metabolic system functions at 10 to 100 times the rate found in mammalian cells, and can be quantified easily by measuring the rate of light ouqiut from a bacterial suspension. Any change in metabolic activity or disruption of cellular structure due to the presence of toxic substances, results in a rapid change in the rate of bioluminescence. Test sensitivity is partially explained by the small cell size which gives a high surface to volume ratio. 

During batch preparation sterility testing can be performed on randomly selected preparations either by direct inoculation or by the filtration method. During extemporaneous preparation dummy solutions should be prepared and sterility tests performed with rapid detection methods such as the bioluminescence test (see Sect. 19.6.5) or the colorimetric detection of CO2 production in culture bottles although commonly used for blood cultures this last method was shown to be adequate for sterility testing of multicomponent admixtures [68]. 

The plastic sample also must pass several marine toxicity tests, including P0I540X (microbial oxygen absorption), Microtox (microbial bioluminescence) test, fish Acute Toxicity (static conditions) OPPTS 850.1075, Daphnia Acute Toxicity (static conditions) OPPTS 850.1010, or Static Algal Toxicity Test OPPTS 850.5400. The plastic samples must also have less than 25% of maximum allowable concentrations of regulated heavy metals. 

Ulitzur, S., Welser, I., and Yannai, S. 1981. Bioluminescence test for mutagenic agents. In Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence Basic Principies and Analytical Applications, DeLuca, M. and McElroy, W. (Eds.), Acad. Press, N.Y., pp. 139-145. 

P3HB did not cause any inflammation in the chorioallantoic membrane of the developing egg [98]. P3HB-5%3HV was nontoxic in the bacterial bioluminescence test over a period of 16 weeks [99]. P3HB-3HV (7%, 14%, 22% 3HV) films were foimd to ehdt only a mild toxic response in the direct contact or agar diffusion tests [100]. However, P3HB-22%3HV extracts in saline provoked a noticeable hemolytic reaction [101]. 

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