Biological samples storage

Morrison G, Durham WF 1971) Analytical diagnosis of pesticide poisoning. Collection, storage, and shipment of biological samples. J Am Med Assoc 216 298-300. 

Table 1.6 Examples of storage conditions of biological samples...

Iyengar G. 1986. Sampling, storage and pretreatment of biological material. In OTMeill IK, Schuller P, Fishbein L, eds. Some metals As, Be, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn. lARC Scientific Publication No. 71. Lyon, France Intemational Agency for Research on Cancer, 141-158. 

Stoeppler, M. Analytical aspects of sample collection, sample storage and sample pretreatment, in Trace Element Analytical Chemistry in Medicine and Biology (ed.) Bratter, P. and Schramel, P., Vol. 2, p. 909, Berlin—New York, Walter de Gruyter Co 1983... 

Aitio, A., Jarvisalo, J., Stoeppler, M. Sampling and sample storage, in Trace Metal Analysis in Biological Specimens (ed.) Stoeppler, M., Foster City, California, Biomedical Publications, in preparation... 

The above findings suggest that if testing laboratories do not adjust their analytical and sample storage protocols according to the extent to which penicillin G decreases in tissues and biological fluids stored in conventional freezers, quantitative analyses conducted on such samples may not reflect concentrations at time of sample submission. 

Type of Service. The type of service—quality assurance, methods development, or routine testing—for each instrument or laboratory is a general consideration, as is the question of whether several types of service will be required of the system. A quality assurance laboratory associated with a chemicals production facility has far simpler needs in terms of analytical capability than a methods development laboratory or one that normally analyzes biological samples for pharmacologically active compounds at sub-ppm or even ppb concentrations. On the other hand, the data storage and reduction needs of a quality assurance laboratory are usually much more pressing than those of a methods development laboratory. 

Sometimes, the laboratories and instruments are not available immediately after sampling, especially when the sampling is carried out at remote areas. Under such conditions, storage of the collected samples is required. Preservation of the chemical identities of the sample is the prime objective. Selection of the preservation method depends on the type of sample, storage time, size, and number of samples. The temperature conditions for preserving biological... 

Determination of cyanide or its metabolites in biological fluids is necessary for forensic, clinical, military, research, and veterinary purposes. The choice of analytical methods depends on a variety of factors like sensitivity, specificity, rapidity, convenience, facilities, and expertise. The selection of biological sample, time of sampling, time to analyze and storage conditions, and interfering substances are other factors which influence the choice of analytical methods (Troup and Ballantyne, 1987). There are several convenient and sensitive methods for measuring cyanide in biological fluids but many of them have limitations. Some of the methods are summarized below. 

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