Biological oxygen requirement

Biochemical Oxygen Demand. The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) test is an empirical determination of the oxygen requirement of a sample. It is most often appHed to wastewaters, industrial effluents, and poHuted waters. The decrease in the dissolved oxygen concentration resulting primarily from biological action is measured after storage for 5 d at 20°C. 

BOD (Biological Oxygen Type of treatment required Dilution... 

The design of a waste treatment system requires data that was not available to me. A secondary system to reduce the biological oxygen demand and a tertiary system to at least remove most of the phosphates are required. Whether styrene is biodegradable was not known. If it is not, then the tertiary system will have to be designed to remove it also. 

Oxygen Structural atom of water and most organic molecules in biological systems required for respiration by most organisms. Induces convulsions at high Pojl very toxic as ozone, superoxide, peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals/ ... 

Spectroelectrochemical cells that permit redox titrations of precious biological samples, require exclusion of oxygen, and allow acquisition of data from multiple spectroscopic domains have been described. A recent example of these cell designs combines electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy with UV-visible absorption spectroscopy [71] for studies of flavoproteins. 

The design basis is the most important consideration when determining the size of a biological reactor. Other pertinent factors are the final product, the microorganism used, its growth rate and oxygen requirement, the product concentration (e.g., expressed in mg/L broth for proteins or 100 mg/L for organic acids), and the type of product (intercellular or extracellular). 

In addition to specific chemical substances, a variety of other determinations is very important and is often required for environmental studies and protection programs. These include identifications and measurements of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and minerals such as asbestos fibers. Measurements of meteorological conditions, particulate matter in air by size, water turbidity, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and radioactivity are also very important. These and other similar determinations are beyond the scope of this chapter and the reader should consult other reference books for information about these topics. 

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