Biological and medical research

NMR microscopy has become a well-established method in many different areas of research. The scope of the disciplines involved is extremely broad and is still expanding, encompassing chemical, petrochemical, biological and medical research, plant physiology, aerospace engineering, process engineering, industrial food processing, materials and polymer sciences. 

Norris, W. P., Lombard, L. S., Rehfeld, C. E., Speckman, T. W. and Slatis, H. M. (1962). Toxicity and metabolism of radionuclides. III. Semiannual report for period ending May 31, page 100 in Biological and Medical Research Division Semiannual Report, January through June 1962, Report No. ANL-6723 (Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois). 

Arthur Lindenbaum Division of Biological and Medical Research Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois... 

Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein Pharmaceutical Analysis Laboratory, Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia... 

Gel electrophoresis, a common analytical method in biological and medical research, can be conveniently applied in the analysis of dendritic polymers, owing primarily to the unique structure of the dendrimer analytes. It has currently been used to assess purity, measure molecular weight of dendrimers,... 

Why do we grow old Despite advances in molecular biology and medical research, the reasons for aging remain mysterious. One theory suggests that aging may be influenced by oxidizing agents, also known as oxidants. 

Brilliant insoluble lakes are used in paints and varnishes. Recent applications for xanthene dyes include use in ink-jet printers, as markers in biological and medical research, and even as insecticides. 

Biological and Medical Research Department, MBC-03, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia Fax +966-1-4427858, e-mail enein kfshrc.edu.sa... 

This problem of mean values being disproportionately affected by a minority of outliers arises quite frequently in biological and medical research. A useful approach... 

The goal of Chapter 6 is to familiarize investigators in biological and medical research with mass spectrometry and its potential applications in these fields, with the anticipation that it will encourage and enable them to utilize MS in their research. An attempt has been made to provide a clear basic description of the modern mass spectrometers and of the most relevant types of experiments that they can perform. Discussed also are the advantages and drawbacks of the different methods in the context of biological research with examples of the ability of mass spectrometry to solve problems in this field of research. 

Larsen RP, Bhattachyaryya MH, Oldham RD, et al. 1984. Gastrointestinal absorption and retention of plutonium and uranium in the baboon. Division of Biological and Medical Research. Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center, Tuxedo, New York, 51-60. 

Metal nanoparticles have attracted considerable interest due to their properties and applications related to size effects, which can be appropriately studied in the framework of nanophotonics [1]. Metal nanoparticles such as silver, gold and copper can scatter light elastically with remarkable efficiency because of a collective resonance of the conduction electrons in the metal (i.e., the Dipole Plasmon Resonance or Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance). Plasmonics is quickly becoming a dominant science-based technology for the twenty-first century, with enormous potential in the fields of optical computing, novel optical devices, and more recently, biological and medical research [2]. In particular, silver nanoparticles have attracted particular interest due to their applications in fluorescence enhancement [3-5]. 

A. H. D. Brown and M. T. Clegg, Current Topics in Biological and Medical Research,... 

Since the mid-eighties, ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs) have been developed for many different applications. At an early stage, they were employed in biological and medical research where, for example, small electrodes were implanted in rat brains. The main difference between microelectrodes and UMEs is the mode of diffusion that shifts from planar to spherical, depending on the exact thickness of the diffusion layer. As long as the diffusion layer is smaller than the dimension of the electrode, the diffusion will also be planar for an UME. UMEs could be defined as... 

ICP-MS is well suited for multielement analysis and for determinations such as isotope ratios. The technique has a wide dynamic range, typically four orders of magnitude, and produces spectra that are, in general, simpler and easier to interpret than optical-emission spectra. ICP-MS is finding widespread use in the semiconductor and electronics industries, in geochemistry, in environmental analyses, in biological and medical research, and in many other areas. 

However, biological and medical research, and the healthcare industry, are not just about money, and certainly not just about profit. The healthcare industry has evolved because of a huge, common, collective effort, just like the human genome project. Fundamentally the healthcare industry developed with a humanitarian objective. Folk medicine, alternative medicine, and other nonmainstream disciplines typically disavow the profiteering, or at least money-pinching, aspects of national medicine, yet their patient-centric, personalized, and holistic philosophies will have an enhanced role to play in the new medicine. 

Before the advent of synchrotron sources of the third generation [23], coherent x-rays were in practice unavailable. In recent years, coherent radiology has grown exponentially [1-21,41], with broad applications ranging from biology and medical research to a variety of materials problems. Several reviews are available [22,24,27] for a detailed description of the technique and of its potential and limitations. For our present scope, a simple picture like that of Figure 20.1 is quite sufficient. 

The above presented materials cover only a small fraction of the TCM research field in China, and most of the researches are still in continuation. Today as Back-to-Nature has become a worldwide trend, TCM becomes an appealing and fascinating research field, attracting research efforts from all over the world. In recent years, TCM has been used in treatment of many difficult and complicated human diseases, such as AIDS, Cancers, Alzheimer s diseases, etc. Its efficacy has been supported by numerous clinical data. To further explore the mechanism of TCM and active principles become a challenge to all the natural product chemists, biological and medical researchers. 

A neutron, on, is produced as well as the radioactive isotope of phosphorus. By methods such as this a very large number of isotopes have been produced, and several of them have been extensively used in biological and medical research. 

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