Biological activity antiviral

M. Mogensen, K.E. Pulmonary catabolism of interferons alveolar absorption of 125 I-labeled human interferon alpha is accompanied by partial loss of biological activity. Antiviral Res. 1984, 4, 211-220. 

A.Soluble in acetone and pyridine. Biological activity Antiviral. 

Source Glychyrhiza glabra. Molecular formula C42 H62 O le. Molecular weight 882.92. Biological activity Antiviral. 

Since the pioneer work by Merigan in 1967 [1], many kinds of synthetic or natural polyanionic polymers have been examined for their biological activities [2-8], such as cytotoxicity, antiviral activity, antitumor activity, and immunomodulating activity. Although the biological results were interesting, the extent of activity for clinical application was still low. 

Schols D, Proost P, Struyf S et al (1998) CD26-processed RANTES(3-68), but not intact RANTES, has potent anti-HIV-1 activity. Antiviral Res 39 175-187 Schonbeck U, Mach F, Libby P (1998) Generation of biologically active IL-1 beta by matrix metaUoproteinases a novel caspase-1-independent pathway of IL-1 beta processing. J Immunol 161 3340-3346... 

In this review, we use the terms, biologically active or bioactive for any substance which elicits some biological response in another organism. Early investigations on bioactive marine isonitriles focussed on compounds that might serve as chemical defense agents (cf. Sect. 5.1). As chemists began to resolve mixtures into individual components, other tests related to antiviral, antimicrobial, or antiparasitic activity, were reported. Often, bioassays were performed... 

Not all type I interferons induce exactly the same range of responses, and the antiviral to antiproliferative activity ratio differs from one type I interferon to another. As all bind the same receptor, the molecular basis by which variation in biological activities is achieved is poorly understood as yet. 

Vandenbroeck et al.7 used an ELISA to determine the recovery of immu-noreactive porcine interferon-gamma (IFN-y) from E. coli inclusion bodies. The ELISA used a polyclonal coating antibody with detection by a MAb. The inclusion bodies were solubilized in diluted 6 M guanidine/HCl and IFN subsequently refolded by its removal. The antiviral activity of the interferon was measured with a bioassay using the cytopathic effect (CPE) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) on bovine kidney cells. The results of this study showed that the immu-noreactivity measured by ELISA matched the biological activity measured by bioassay. 

The large diversity of biological activities including antimalarial, antioxoplasmosis, antileishmaniasis, antishistosomiasis, antitrypanosomiasis, antiviral, antifugal and even anticancer activities displayed by artemisinin and artemisinin derivatives (cf. Ref. 55 for a review) added to the multitude of artemisinin-inspired trioxanes, trioxolanes, tetraoxa-cycloalkanes and peroxide, homodimeric-, trimeric- and even tetrameric artemisinin derivatives recently designed and synthesized is a clear indication that in the future, these compounds will become even more important in the chemotherapy of various diseases, perhaps even above and beyond those mentioned here. 

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